Foundations: 8000 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.*

1. Foundations: 8000 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.* *AP World History New Periods 8000 BCE- 600 BCE 600 BCE- 600 CE

2. Foundations Themes • Interaction and Exchange • Urbanization • Nomadic Peoples • Axial Age • Empires • Spread of Religion

3. Key Concept 1.1. Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth • Migration of hunting and foraging humans • Adaptations of technology and culture (fire, new tools, animistic, small kinship groups, limited interactions)

5. Key Concept 1.2. The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies

6. Key Concept 1.3. The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral and Urban Societies

7. What is a Civilization? • Origins of term- • Standard criteria: • Use of term?

8. Civilizations?

9. Population • Demography- • What factors influence population growth and decline?

11. Role of Climate and Geography in Early Societies • Imagine how were early societies may have been affected. • How do you think early peoples responded? • What difference would geography make in the long term development of a society?

12. Egypt Predictable flood Mesopotamia Irregular flooding Comparison of Egypt and Mesopotamia

14. Finding Early Historical Evidence • Types of Sources • David Keyes, Catastrophe • Changing interpretations and new evidence

15. Nomadic Peoples • Hunting-gathering lifestyle (!Kung people) • Labor/ leisure • Population growth • Gender relations

17. Rise of Agriculture • Spontaneous separate development – why, where and when? • Diffusion of specific plants and techniques

19. Birth of New Technologies • Fire • Bronze • Iron

20. Early Societies • Mesopotamia • Egypt • Indus • Shang • Mesoamerica and Andean South America (Olmec and Chavin)

21. Urbanization • Comparisons between urban, pastoral and nomadic life

22. Period 2: Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies, c. 600 B.C.E. to c. 600 C.E. Key Concept 2.1. The Development and Codification of Religious and Cultural Traditions Key Concept 2.2. The Development of States and Empires Key Concept 2.3. Emergence of Trans-regional Networks of Communication and Exchange

23. Classical Societies • Axial age- • Why then? • Results: • Religion • Politics • Social Structure • Gender relations

24. Axial Age Thinkers

25. Empire Building • What does an empire require? • What do its subjects expect? • Symbols of legitimacy

26. Symbols of Legitimacy

27. Achievements • Greek science and philosophy • Roman law and architecture • Political organization in Han China • Spiritual and artistic developments in Gupta India

28. Urbanization and Gender • How might gender roles be affected as peoples settled?

29. Origins of World Belief Systems • Polytheism

30. Origins of World Belief Systems • Hinduism

31. Origins of World Belief Systems • Judaism

32. Origins of World Belief Systems • Confucianism

33. Origins of World Belief Systems • Daoism

34. Origins of World Belief Systems • Buddhism

35. Origins of World Belief Systems • Christianity

36. Origins of World Belief Systems • Islam

37. Diffusion of Belief Systems

38. Collapse of Empires • Why do Empires fall? • Conrad-Demarest Model

39. Early Migrations

40. Interregional Networks of People by 600 C.E. • Silk Roads • Mediterranean trade • Indian Ocean trade • Meso and Andean American trading

41. Silk Routes

42. Mediterranean Trade Routes

43. Indian Ocean Trade

44. Conclusions • How do we know what we know? • How does change happen? • What results stem from interaction through migration, trade or pilgrimage? • Do case studies detract from the bigger story or enrich it? • Why do world historians need to pose questions differently than regional specialists?