COBES DEFINITION OF: A LEARNING STRATEGY. SERVICE-LEARNING

1. COBES DEFINITION OF: A LEARNING STRATEGY. SERVICE-LEARNING

2. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMMES IN GENERAL Community-Based Education may contribute to the solution of the problem of inequity in service delivery makes health services available to the community as soon as students begin to learn in that community The school may play an influential role in regional health policy development (through its staff, students and graduates) Prevention and health promotion as well as curative care WHY?

3. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMMES IN GENERAL CBE may improve health professions education Enables students to relate theoretical knowledge and practical training Contextual learning (close resemblance between the learning situation and “real life” leads to better performance) CBE may equip students with competencies which they will never learn otherwise WHY?

4. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMMES IN GENERAL CBE renders opportunities for partnership between the community, university and government CBE may help to develop and update the curriculum using health priority data CBE offers students an opportunity to learn and work with other health professionals WHY?

5. Its aim is to produce community-oriented health workers who are able and willing to serve their communities and deal effectively with health problems at primary, secondary and tertiary level HOPE  DOPE It serves the purpose of a health-oriented physician education (HOPE) rather than a disease-oriented physician education (DOPE) Handbook of Community-Based Education, Schmidt et al, 2000

6. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMME MAKARERE UNIVERSITY KAMPALA (Dr. Andrew Mwanika, COBES workshop, MUK, 2nd – 5th of August 2005) • To facilitate the placement of the university’s graduates in the districts. • As most of them are born and grow up in urban areas, they - understandably - have little to bind them to rural districts.

7. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMME MAKARERE UNIVERSITY KAMPALA (Dr. Andrew Mwanika, COBES workshop, MUK, 2nd – 5th of August 2005) • To facilitate the placement of the university’s graduates in the districts. As most of them are born and grow up in urban areas, they - understandably - have little to bind them to rural districts. • To achieve contextual learning, by confronting students with the day-to-day realities of the health care delivery system in Uganda from the early stages of their training

8. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMME MAKARERE UNIVERSITY KAMPALA (Dr. Andrew Mwanika, COBES workshop, MUK, 2nd – 5th of August 2005) • To facilitate the placement of the university’s graduates in the districts. As most of them are born and grow up in urban areas, they - understandably - have little to bind them to rural districts. • To achieve contextual learning, by confronting students with the day-to-day realities of the health care delivery system in Uganda from the early stages of their training • To integrate the priority health programmes of the Ministry of Health in to the undergraduate medical education

9. RATIONALE OF COBES PROGRAMME MAKARERE UNIVERSITY KAMPALA (Dr. Andrew Mwanika, COBES workshop, MUK, 2nd – 5th of August 2005) • To facilitate the placement of the university’s graduates in the districts. As most of them are born and grow up in urban areas, they - understandably - have little to bind them to rural districts. • To achieve contextual learning, by confronting students with the day-to-day realities of the health care delivery system in Uganda from the early stages of their training • To integrate the priority health programmes of the Ministry of Health in to the undergraduate medical education COBES MUK

10. SO WHAT? OR WHAT CAN WE DO?

11. HOW CAN OUR DEPARTMENT BENEFIT FROM THE COBES PROGRAM? • HOW CAN THE COBES PROGRAM BE STRENGHTENED BY OUR DEPARTMENT? End

12. WHAT IS COBES? A compulsory component of the curriculum  students can not graduate if they do not take part in COBES • A response to certain needs in the country: • maldistribution of health professionals: rural  urban • graduates lack knowledge about community health needs • graduates will work in decentralized district health services • graduates lack leadership and management skills • need for more community research • graduates lack cultural competence

13. COBES GOALS • To integrate priority national health programs into the undergraduate training program • To produce graduates who are well equipped to function effectively in the districts • Serve as a tool for integrating strategic and synergic interests

14. COBES OBJECTIVES • Acclimatization • Home based care • School health • Community participation • Facility based activities • Management and administration • Partnerships with CBO’s • Curricular objectives (tutorials)

15. STRUCTURE OF COBES • Pre-placement • - district entry • - criteria of site selection • - training of site tutors • - briefing of students • - grouping of students • - student and tutor guides • - money

17. STRUCTURE OF COBES • COBES activities 5 weeks (4 + 1)

18. STRUCTURE OF COBES • Supervision • - site tutor • - faculty of MUK-FoM • Assessment • - progressive (logbooks / reports) • - panel assessment • - summative Group work

19. BENEFITS OF COBES • Now three years of experience and students remain positive (even less complaints than previously) • Communities and staff at the health care facilities are very happy about the programme • District authorities also very pleased, several districts wanting to be included as well

20. BENEFITS OF COBES • Students have learned a lot of practical skills but also knowledge about the health care system and traditional health care • Faculty staff is exposed to community health problems as well as the students • Partnership with AIM  track patients in the community (e.g. all medicines mixed up together, lack of treatment education)

21. CHALLENGES • Sustainability • - fees - partnerships - donor support • Supervision • - high turnover of site tutors • - “touristic visits” by faculty staff • Learning materials • Administration • Assessment