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Earth Science

Earth Science. Coach Williams Room 310B. Chapter 18. Volcanoes. Section 18.3: Volcanoes. Objectives: Describe the major parts of a volcano. Compare/contrast shield, cinder-cone, and composite volcanoes. Contrast the volcanism that occurs at plate boundaries.

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Earth Science

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  1. Earth Science Coach Williams Room 310B

  2. Chapter18 • Volcanoes

  3. Section18.3: Volcanoes • Objectives: • Describe the major parts of a volcano. • Compare/contrast shield, cinder-cone, and composite volcanoes. • Contrast the volcanism that occurs at plate boundaries. • Explain the relationship between volcanism and hot spots.

  4. Anatomy of a Volcano • Volcano: mountain of cooled lava • Vent: opening in crust • Crater: bowl shaped depression • Calderas: larger depressions

  5. Types of Volcanoes • Shield: broad, gentle slope. Circular base • Cinder-Cone: steep sides. Smaller • Composite: fragments layered with lava. • Larger

  6. Types of Volcanoes

  7. Volcanic Materials • Tephra: rock fragments thrown in air • Dust: <2mm • Ash: >2mm • Lapilli “little stones”: rock size • Volcanic blocks: large, angular • Volcanic bombs: large rounded • Pyroclastic flows: deadly flow of volcanic material (gas, ash, tephra)

  8. Where Volcanoes Occur • Most at plate boundaries • 80%: convergent boundaries • 15%: divergent boundaries • Hot spots: hot regions of Earth’s mantle • Volcanoes far from plate boundaries

  9. Where Volcanoes Occur

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