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SOLAR SYSTEM

SOLAR SYSTEM. SUN. It is a star round which the Earth and other planets revolve . It is a medium sized star nearest to the Earth . the diameter of the sun is about 14*10 kilometers.

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SOLAR SYSTEM

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  1. SOLAR SYSTEM

  2. SUN • It is a star round which the Earth and other planets revolve . • It is a medium sized star nearest to the Earth . • the diameter of the sun is about 14*10 kilometers. • The sun is a mass of hot gases, about 109 times bigger in size than the Earth; 330000 kilometers from the Earth. • the enormous energy out put of the sun is the result of thermo nuclear fusion reactions occurring in the interior of the sun at the temperature of about 20 million degrees. At such temperature hydrogen nucleic fuse together to form helium nuclei , in this process, some mass is converted into energy according to Einstein's equation . • E = mc2

  3. STRUCTURE OF SUN • The main structures of the sun are :- • PHOTOSPHERE • CHROMOSPHERE • CORONA • SOLAR WINDS

  4. PHOTOSPHERE

  5. SOLAR SYSTEM SUMMARY: The solar system consists of the sun , the nine planets ,and their satellites , asteroids , comets & meteors. The sun is at the center of the solar system & all these bodies are revolving around it . The sun holds them together by its great gravitational pull. Let us learn the general features of sun & planets. LESSON PLAN: CONTENT LEARNING OUT TEACHER’S STUDENT’S COMES & ACTIVITY ACTIVITY OBJECTIVES SUN 1)Students learn 1) Teacher explain the content using charts.teach the students listen the formation & also uses the blackboard for drawing the to the teaching & are structure of the sun . Diagrams during the developmental motivated to work on their own 2 ) Students understand stage. The teacher uses the power power point presentation after the various features of presentation, for the recapitulation having gone through the the planet's stage & also for drilling the revision. Presentations of the teacher…. The students also draw the. D diagram of the sun PLANETS

  6. EARTH. Earth’s crust is divided into several separate solid plates which float around independently on top of the hot mantle below. It is characterized by two major processes:Spreading and Subduction. . Spreading occurs when two plates move away from each other and new crust is created by upwelling magma from below. Subduction occurs when two plates collide and the edge of one dives beneath the other and ends up being destroyed in the mantle. Earth is the only planet on which water can exist in liquid form on the surface

  7. STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH. In the outward appearance, the earth is a nearly spherical ball with a radius of 6350kilometres. Internally, the earth consists of three major layers. These are: 1. Crust. 2. Mantle. 3. Core.

  8. VENUS. Venus, the jewel of the sky, was once know by ancient once thought Venus to be two separate bodies. Venus, which is named after the Roman astronomers as the morning star and evening star. Early astronomers goddess of love and beauty, is veiled by thick swirling cloud cover.

  9. THE INTERIOR VIEW OF VENUS. This picture shows a cutaway view of the possible internal structure of Venus. The image was created from Mariner 10 images used for the outer atmospheric layer. The surface was taken from Magellan radar images. The interior characteristics of Venus are inferred from gravity field and magnetic field measurements by Magellan and prior spacecraft. The crust is shown as adark red, the mantle as a lighter orange-red, and the core yellow.

  10. THE MORNING STAR. Venus was one of the planets known to the ancient civilisations, and is sometimes identified as the Morning or Evening Star, as it is visible fairly close to the horizon in the Morning or Evening, and is very bright. This brightnes may be what gave it its name. Venus was the Roman goddess of Love. Actually, Venus was thought to be two different objects in Prehistoric times. Eosphorus ( The Morning Star) and Hesperus (The Evening Star)

  11. MERCURY. Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, and the second smallest planet in the solar-system. Mercury is one of the five planets known of since ancient times. It is named after the Roman messenger God, Hermes in Greek, because he was fleet of foot and the planet moves most quickly though the sky. Mercury is too hot to have a stable atmosphere like the earth or venus; any atmosphere it does have comes from particles from the solar-wind. The surface temperature varies from a maximum of 427 C to a minimum of -183 C.

  12. MARS. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. It features the highest mountains and deepest valleys. Mars rotates around its axis in 24 hours and 37 minutes. It orbits the sun in 687 days, and has a diameter of 6800 km, about half that of Earth. Mars has a reddish hue over 3/5 of it, which is caused by red dust and rocks on the surface of the planet.

  13. RING OF MARS Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. It features the highest mountains and deepest valleys. Mars rotates around its axis in 24 hours and 37 minutes. It orbits the sun in 687 days, and has a diameter of 6800 km, about half that of Earth. Mars has a reddish hue over 3/5 of it, which is caused by red dust and rocks on the surface of the planet.

  14. JUPITER. .Jupiter has at least 16 satellites ( moons ), and four of them are larger than Pluto. Jupiter is 11.2 times larger than Earth, and has a mass 318 times that of Earth.Jupiter is more massive than all the other planets combined.Saturn is 9.5 times larger than Earth. Saturn has a large moon called Titan.

  15. RINGS OF JUPITER. The ring of Jupiter was discovered by Voyager 1 in March of 1979. This image was taken by Voyager 2 and has been pseudo colored. The Jovian ring is about 6,500 kilometers (4,000 miles) wide and probably less than 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) thick.

  16. COMPOSITION OF URANUS Uranus's atmosphere consists largely of hydrogen and helium, with a trace of methane. Through a telescope the planet appears as a small, bluish-green disc with a faint green periphery. Uranus's magnetic field, however, is only a tenth as strong as the Earth's, with an axis tilted 55° from the rotational axis. Uranus has a diameter of 51,120 km (31,771 mi), and its mean distance from the Sun is 2.87 billion km (1.78 billion mi). Uranus takes 84 years for a single revolution, or orbit, and 17 hr 15 min for a complete rotation about its axis. The axis is inclined at an angle of only 8° to the plane of the planet's orbit around the Sun.

  17. RINGS OF URANUS • The unmanned spacecraft Voyager 2 towards the planet Uranus on January 24, 1986. Voyager 2 discovered four new rings and ten new moons around Uranus. • In 1977, the American astronomer James L. Elliot discovered the presence of five rings encircling Uranus in the plane of its equator. • Named Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon. Four more rings were discovered in January 1986 during the exploratory flight of Voyager 2, and still more have been discovered since then.

  18. MOONS OF URANUS TITANIA ARIEL The two largest moons, Oberon and Titania, were discovered by Herschel in 1787. The next two, Umbriel and Ariel, were found in 1851 by the British astronomer William Lassell.

  19. NEPTUNE NEPTUNEabout -218° C (-360° F), much like Uranus, which is more than 1.5 billion km (1 billion mi) closer to the Sun. Scientists assume, therefore, that Neptune must have some internal heat source. The atmosphere consists mostly of hydrogen and helium, but the presence of up to three per cent methane gives the planet its striking blue colour.

  20. Atmosphere Hydrogen - 85%Helium - 13%Methane - 2% COMPOSITION OF NEPTUNE The distant, blue-green planet Neptune has again surprised astronomers with the emergence of a new great dark spot in the cloudy planet's northern hemisphere

  21. MOONS OF NEPTUNE TRITON Neptune's eight moons are: Naiad, Thalassa, Depoina, Galatea, Larissa, Proteus, Triton and Nereid. The most interesting is Triton which has many geyser-like eruptions, spewing invisible Nitrogen gas and dust particles many kilometres into the atmosphere. It's an icy world of frozen methane just 2720 km wide - smaller than Earth's moon! To find out more look at our Triton section.

  22. PLUTO The motions of Uranus Continued by members of the Lowell Observatory staff, the search ended successfully in 1930, when the American astronomer Clyde William Tombaugh found Pluto near the position Lowell had predicted. The new planet’s mass, however, seemed insufficient to account for the perturbations of Neptune, and the search for a possible tenth planet continues.

  23. COMPOSITION OF PLUTO Pluto's surface is believed to reach temperatures as low as -240oC (-400oF). From Pluto's surface, the Sun appears as only a very bright star. Pluto rotates on its axis once in 6.4 days Pluto revolves about the Sun once in 247.7 years at an average distance of 5.9 billion km (3.67 billion mi). The orbit is so eccentric that at certain points along its path Pluto is closer to the Sun than is Neptune. No possibility of collision exists, however, because Pluto’s orbit is inclined by more than 17.2° to the plane of the ecliptic and never actually crosses Neptune’s path

  24. PLUTO AND ITS MOON CHARON &PLUTO . This is the clearest view yet of the distant planet Pluto and its moon, Charon, as revealed by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The image was taken on February 21, 1994, when the planet was 4.4 billion The Surface of PlutoThe never-before-seen surface of the distant planet Pluto is resolved in these NASA

  25. URANUS Uranus, major planet, seventh in order of distance from the Sun, revolving outside the orbit of Saturn and inside the orbit of Neptune. It is of the sixth magnitude, so that it is just visible to the naked eye. Uranus was accidentally discovered in 1781 by the British astronomer William Herschel. The planet was called Herschel in honour of its discoverer. The name Uranus, which was first proposed by the German astronomer Johann Elert Bode, was in use by the late 19th century.

  26. QUESTIONS • What is sun composed of ? • Name the different layers of the sun ? • Name the largest planet in the solar system ?

  27. BIBLOGRAPHY www.astronomy-info.com www.solarviews.com www.geocities.com www.solarspace.com

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