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KF 1063 KULIAH 14

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KF 1063 KULIAH 14

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    9. Kebaikan Murah Senang untuk memasang Kekurangan Kadar data rendah Julat dekat Aplikasi Rangkaian telefon Antara rumah dan ibu sawat tempatan Antara bangunan Ke PBX LAN 10 Mbps atau 100 Mbps

    10. Transmission Charateristics Analog Amplifiers every 5 km to 6 km Digital Use either analog or digital signals Repeater every 2 km or 3 km Limited in Distance Bandwidth (1 MHz) Data rate (100 Mbps) Susceptible to interference and noise

    13. Applications Television distribution Cable TV Long distance telephone transmission Can carry 10,000 voice calls simultaneously Being replaced by fiber optic Short distance computer systems links LANs Transmission characteristic Analog Amplifiers every few km Closer if higher frequency Up to 500 MHz Digital Repeater every 1 km Closer for higher data rates

    14. Thin Ethernet – 10 Base 2 Short for British Naval Connector or Bayonet Nut Connector or Bayonet Neill Concelman Short for British Naval Connector or Bayonet Nut Connector or Bayonet Neill Concelman

    15. Thick Ethernet - 10 Base 5 This type of cable is 0.5" diameter (usually supplied with a yellow outer PVC coating) and rather inflexible. It has become known in the communications industry as "Thick Ethernet". The official name for this cable is 10 Baseband5 (10B5), indicating that it is specified for baseband communications (i.e. not modulated) at 10 Mbps over distances up to 500m. This type of cable is 0.5" diameter (usually supplied with a yellow outer PVC coating) and rather inflexible. It has become known in the communications industry as "Thick Ethernet". The official name for this cable is 10 Baseband5 (10B5), indicating that it is specified for baseband communications (i.e. not modulated) at 10 Mbps over distances up to 500m.

    16. Advantages Greater capacity - data rates of hundreds of Gbps Smaller size & weight Lower attenuation Electromagnetic isolation Greater repeater spacing - 10s of km at least

    18. System components: Transmission medium - fiber optic cable Light source LED (cheaper, wider operating temp range, last longer) Injection laser diode (ILD) (More efficient, greater data rate) Detector – photodiode Application Telephone Network Applications Long-haul, metropolitan, rural, and subscriber loop circuits Local Area Networks Optical fiber networks Data rates from 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps Support hundreds (or even thousands) of stations

    23. On the mapping approaches, the programmes related to connecting communities will be implemented on a nation wide basis especially in the areas where the infrastructures are abundantly available . This is to enable the government to take advantage in terms of reducing the prices of infrastructure and stimulate demand from other user groups. On the mapping approaches, the programmes related to connecting communities will be implemented on a nation wide basis especially in the areas where the infrastructures are abundantly available . This is to enable the government to take advantage in terms of reducing the prices of infrastructure and stimulate demand from other user groups.

    24. Radio Wave Propagation Direct wave Ground or Surface wave Reflected Wave Ionosferic Reflection Obstacle Refraction Earth Curvature Multipath

    42. Personal Area Network (PAN) Short range file transfer Low bandwidth (up to 1Mbps) IrDA, Bluetooth Local Area Network (WLAN) Wired LAN extension High bandwidth (5Mbps) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) WiMax, ZigBee Wide Area Network (WAN) Uses a dial up (phone) connection Extremely low bandwidth (14.4kbps) Examples : Cellular, satellite

    46. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology used to track and identify a person or object by means of radio transmission Two main components to a basic RFID system: RFID Tag (transponder) RFID Reader (Interrogator) In some cases – Activator Two classes of RFID Tags : Passive and Active

    47. Benefits over standard Bar Code Do not require human intervention to be read - bar codes must be separated and scanned individually by reader Can be read through almost 2 inches of packaging More durable/less prone to damage (unaffected by moisture/heat) Much greater storage capacity (easily stores 32 MB of data) Programmable, capable holding information such as time stamp, destination, expected weight, etc. Maximizes warehouse space, improves tracking of goods, minimizes goods shrinking (i.e. theft; inventory control) Real-time tracking, info and delivery Several possible applications; no scanning = faster movement of cargo Long-term cost savings (labour, theft, lost goods) Time savings (theft and lost goods) Limitation Cost Job Loss Range - physical distance from tag to reader Standardisation Interference (Metal, Frequency and system)

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    70. WAP: discredited in first outing, but still alive and well as a backend mobile server standard SMS: proven worldwide but just emerging in US; limited to plain text messaging MMS: standard behind the exchange of pictures from camera phones; also for many audio and graphic formats iMode: proven in Japan; export still in doubt J2ME (Java for mobile): large developer following and handset deployment; confused business models BREW: (Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless) CDMA app platform: big in a few areas; clearer business and distribution model

    71. "2.5G customers" refer to those customers who have joined the service plans for 2.5G services (including GPRS and IS-95B services) or used the 2.5G services"2.5G customers" refer to those customers who have joined the service plans for 2.5G services (including GPRS and IS-95B services) or used the 2.5G services

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