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Plate Interactions

Explore the theory of plate tectonics as Earth's lithosphere shifts atop the asthenosphere. Discover evidence like puzzle-fit continents and glacial grooves supporting this theory. Learn about seafloor spreading and different plate boundaries - convergent, divergent, and transform. Investigate activities at plate boundaries and the formation of natural structures such as mountains and ridges. Discover the Ring of Fire and hot spots where volcanoes thrive. Engage with interactive maps and questions to deepen understanding.

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Plate Interactions

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  1. Plate Interactions Tectonic Plate Theory

  2. Definition of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics is the theory that Earth’s lithosphere is broken into about 20 plates that move on top of the asthenosphere.

  3. Map of the Plates

  4. Questions 1-3Use the map to answer the following questions. Put your answers on the back of the map. • What is the name of the plate that we live on? • About where on the plate is New York City (on the edge, near the edge, in the middle)? • What cities in the United States are on the edge of a plate?

  5. The Plates Are Moving!Evidence to Support Plate Tectonics • Puzzle-like fit of continents

  6. Shape of Continents

  7. The Plates Are Moving!Evidence to Support Plate Tectonics • Puzzle-like fit of continents • Fossils of same species of plants and animals on various continents, across oceans

  8. Fossil Evidence

  9. The Plates Are Moving!Evidence to Support Plate Tectonics • Puzzle-like fit of continents • Fossils of same species of plants and animals on various continents • Glacial grooves that match across continents

  10. Glacial Grooves

  11. The Plates Are Moving!Evidence to Support Plate Tectonics • Puzzle-like fit of continents • Fossils of same species of plants and animals on various continents • Glacial grooves that match across continents • Coal in cold climates

  12. Coal in Antarctica

  13. The Plates Are Moving!Evidence to Support Plate Tectonics • Puzzle-like fit of continents • Fossils of same species of plants and animals on various continents • Glacial grooves that match across continents • Coal in cold climates • Earthquake boundaries that match the tectonic plate boundaries

  14. Earthquakes Looking at the boundaries of earthquakes around the world… http://www.iris.edu/seismon/ There is a lot in common to those plate boundaries!!!

  15. Questions 4-7Use the map to answer the following questions. Put your answers on the back of the map. • Between the west coast of the North American plate and the northeastern part of the Pacific plate, the plates are moving in what way? • What do we have a lot of in this part of the world? • Between the African Plate and the South American plate, the arrows show the plates moving in what way? • What do you think might be occurring there?

  16. More Evidence:Seafloor Spreading

  17. Visualization of SeaFloor Spreading http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0803/es0803page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

  18. Questions 8 -10Use the map to answer the following questions. Put your answers on the back of the map. 8. Between what two plates would seafloor spreading be happening? • What does this do to the size of the ocean floor? • What force makes the magma rise up through cracks in the seafloor?

  19. Types of Plate Boundaries • Convergent (Coming Together) • Divergent (Dividing Apart) • Transform (Slipping Past)

  20. Converge!

  21. Diverge!

  22. Transform!

  23. Convergent Boundaries • Definition: Two plates move into one another • Two Types of Convergent Boundaries • Continent to Continent • Subduction Zone

  24. Subduction Zone

  25. Subduction Zone Formation of Andes Mountains • Nazca plate is moving under South American plate - this is called subduction • Nazca plate is ocean crust and therefore more dense, it sinks below the continental crust Question 11: What is a subduction zone?

  26. Continent-to-Continent Collisions

  27. Continent-to-Continent Collision…. Formation of Himalayas • Indo-Australian plate moved into Eurasian plate • Eurasian plate began to crumble up • Over millions of years, Himalayas were built and continue to grow today Question 12: Why have geologists found fish fossils at the top of the Himalayas?

  28. Divergent Boundaries • Definition - when two plates move apart • Example: Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Ocean floor is growing as the plates move apart

  29. Transform Boundary

  30. Ring of Fire

  31. Hot Spots - Volcanoes in the middle of plates

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