Judaism

1. Shaina Jacobs and Savannah Short Judaism

2. the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud Jews make up the majority in only one country: Israel. Still, there are more Jewish people in the United States than in Israel A major symbol is the Star of David. Description

3. God exists. God is one and unique. God is incorporeal. God is eternal. Prayer is to be directed to God alone and to no other. The words of the prophets are true. Moses was the greatest of the prophets, and his prophecies are true. The Written Torah (first 5 books of the Bible) and Oral Torah (teachings now contained in the Talmud and other writings) were given to Moses. There will be no other Torah. God knows the thoughts and deeds of men. God will reward the good and punish the wicked. The Messiah will come. The dead will be resurrected. Basic beliefs

4. Talmud • Mishnah’s (6 orders) • Gemara • Tanakh • Torah: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy • Nevi’im: Joshua, Judges, Samuel (2), Kings (2), Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zachariah, and MalachiIsaiah • Ketuvim (writings): Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Songs, Ecclesiastes, Ruth, Esther, Lamentations, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles (2). Texts

5. Sabbath as a day of rest, starts at sundown on Friday • Regular attendance by males at Synagogue • Annual Festivals: • Passover – recognizes Jews’ deliverance out of slavery • Rosh Hashanah – Jewish New Year • Yom Kippur – fast until sundown • Sukkoth- 8 day harvest festival • Hannukah – 8 day feast of light • Purim – the feast of lots • Shavout- the feast of weeks Practices

6. Brit Milah – On the 8th day of life, males are circumcised and also given a Hebrew name ZevedHabat or Brit Bat – Hebrew naming ceremony for girls Birth rituals

7. Multi-Staged Mourning: • Shiva: “seven” – observed for one week, sit at home and be comforted by friends and family • Shloshim: observed for one month • For those who have lost their parents- • Avelutyud bet chodesh: observed for eleven months Death rituals

8. Fetus is considered a partial life until birth. Abortions are not permitted due to fetal imperfections. Abortions are permitted to save the mother or the mother’s health. Judaism supports abortion access for women. “…each case must be decided by a Rabbi well versed in Jewish law.” abortion

9. Takes place under a chupah or wedding canopy. Symbolizes a happy home. The men where yamakas. At the end of the ceremony, the groom breaks a glass and the audience yells “MazelTov!” marriage

10. Divorce • Judaism permits divorce. In fact, a man can divorce a woman for any or no reason, but woman’s consent is required • A man must divorce a his wife commits a sexual transgression, even if he is inclined to forgive her • Traditionally, a woman cannot initiate a divorce • Contraception • The Torah states that a Jewish man should have at least one daughter and one son • Use of protection to prevent STD’s is permitted Divorce and contraception

11. In both Orthodox and non-Orthodox Judaism, the majority view holds that organ donations permitted in the case of irreversible cardiac rhythm cessation In some cases, rabbinic authorities believe that organ donation may be mandatory A minority opinion considers any donation of a live organ as forbidden Organ donation

12. The physician's office environment should promote good health. All office personnel should be non-smokers and waiting room magazines should be free of cigarette advertisements. Prevention is the highest form of healing. Drugs and surgery have their place in the holy art of healing, but the need to resort to invasive treatment must be regarded as a failure in prevention. Beliefs regarding healthcare

13. The physician should be regarded as the ultimate authority in all medical matters A physician may not become wealthy from medical practice but is entitled to earn a good living. Beliefs regarding healthcare cont’d