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Warm Up

Identify each of the following as homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive or heterozygous. Hh Kk ll jj DD. 6. What is the genotype of the father in this punnett square? 7. What ’ s the genotype of the mother? 8. What ’ s the probability of a child being homozygous recessive?. Warm Up.

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Warm Up

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  1. Identify each of the following as homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive or heterozygous. Hh Kk ll jj DD 6. What is the genotype of the father in this punnett square? 7. What’s the genotype of the mother? 8. What’s the probability of a child being homozygous recessive? Warm Up

  2. Agenda • Objectives: SWBAT: use a Punnett square to determine the possible allele combinations for an individual, identify dominant and recessive traits given the results of a monohybrid cross AND determine the probability that an organism will have express a particular trait given its genotype. • Notes • Go over grades/ Pass out Progress Reports • White Board Practice • Genetics Practice Problems Sheet

  3. Grades • Reminders • This is the last week of the quarter, you need to earn a passing grade so that you do not have to retake Biology I. Turn in all missing work by Wednesday, and everything this week ON TIME. • Pass out Progress Reports • If you are unhappy with your grade, come in during lunch or after school to retake a quiz or test

  4. White Board Review

  5. When Mendel crossed tall plants with short plants, all of the offspring were tall. The trait for tall plants is considered _______________

  6. The trait for short plants is considered _______________

  7. If we were to use the letter “T” to write the genotype of the plants, the short plants would be ______

  8. Is the genotype for short plants homozygous or heterozygous?

  9. If we were to use the letter “T” to write the genotype of the plants, the tall plants would be ______

  10. Is the genotype for tall plants homozygous or heterozygous?

  11. Draw the Punnett square of a homozygous tall plant with a homozygous short plant and fill in the boxes.

  12. What percent of the offspring have a heterozygous genotype?

  13. What percent of the offspring will be short?

  14. Clean up white boards

  15. Review Being allergic to poison ivy is due to a recessive gene. Say a mom is homozygous recessive and the dad is heterozygous. Use the letter “I” or “I” to draw a Punnett square. Answer the following questions: a. What’s the probability that their child will be allergic to poison ivy? b. What one trait did we study in this example?

  16. Review

  17. Genetics Review Worksheet

  18. Exit ticket Being allergic to Poison Ivy is caused by a recessive trait. • If a person has a genotype of Ii, will he or she be allergic? • What is the phenotype for ii? • Draw a Punnett square to show the possible offspring for a man with Ii and a woman with Ii.

  19. Warm- Up Get out your Reading Guides- I will collect them as I stamp your work. • Brown fur is dominant to white fur in a type of bunny. Draw a Punnett square to show a cross between a homozygous recessive dad and a heterozygous mom. • What is the probability that their bunnies will have white fur? • What genotype(s) in the offspring will code for brown fur?

  20. Agenda • Objectives: SWBAT: Analyze a dihybrid cross to determine the probability of a particular trait, given completed Punnett square • Go over and turn in homework • Notes • Practice Problems • Exit Ticket • Calendar • Dihybrid practice due tomorrow • Quiz on Friday

  21. Monohybrid Crosses • Up to this point, we have only been looking at monohybrid crosses • Two parents are mated (hybrid) • We only examine one trait (mono) • Today we’re going to start looking at dihybrid crosses

  22. What is a Dihybrid Cross? a. “Di” means _________ b. A dihybrid cross is used to determine the possible offspring of two parents based on two traits.

  23. c. In this example: • Coat color is indicated by Bfor brown coat orbfor white coat while • Tail lengthis indicated by Sfor short tail or sfor long tail.

  24. Practice Questions d. How many boxes show a cat with brown fur? ( ____ / 16) e. How many boxes show a cat with white fur? f. How many boxes show a cat with a long tail? g. How many boxes show a cat with a short tail?

  25. Practice Questions h. How many boxes show a cat with brown fur and a short tail? • How many boxes show a cat with brown fur and a long tail? • How many boxes show a cat with white fur and a short tail? • How many boxes show a cat with white fur and a long tail?

  26. How do we fill in a Dihybrid Cross? • http://www.dnaftb.org/5/problem.html

  27. Construct a Dihybrid Cross a. Brown fur (BB) is dominant over white fur (bb) b. Long hair (LL) is dominant over short hair (ll) c. What are the 4 possible combinations? BL, Bl, bL, bl

  28. Construct a Dihybrid Cross If one parent has a genotype of BbLL and the other is Bbll, how would we fill in a Punnett Square?

  29. Dihybrid practice sheet

  30. Exit Ticket • For peas, we want to figure out the possible offspring of a plant with Yy (yellow seed color) and tt (short) and a plant with yy(green seed color) and TT (tall). Draw a dihybrid cross to show the possible offspring.

  31. Warm Up • Can traits be passed down in a family? Who can we inherit traits from? • What is a family tree? • What’s the difference between a dihybrid cross and a monohybrid cross? • How many traits are studied in a dihybrid cross?

  32. Agenda • Objectives: SWBAT: Identify the sex chromosomes in humans and recognize inheritance patterns that are sex-linked, using a pedigree or scenario • Go over Dihybrid homework • Notes • Practice • Exit Ticket • Reminder • Quiz Friday!

  33. What are Pedigrees? • Pedigrees are charts used to show how a trait is passed over several generations in a family b. Pedigrees look like family trees

  34. Example

  35. What are the Sex chromosomes? • There are two different sex chromosomes: X and Y • Females have the chromosomes XX • Males have the chromosomes XY • Where do we get the first X chromosome from?

  36. What are Sex-Linked Traits? a. Certain traits are called sex-linkedbecause the traits are determined by genes on the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). b. Most sex-linked traits are only found on the X chromosomes.

  37. What are the Sex chromosomes? c. Genetic diseases or mutations are carried on the X chromosome. • Females are more likely to be carriers because they have two X chromosomes • Males are more likely to inherit genetic diseases because they only have one X chromosome

  38. What are Sex-Linked disorders? a. Colorblindness and hemophilia are sex-linked genes. b. Colorblindness occurs in 1 out of 10 males in the US and 1 out of 100 females in the US.

  39. Video • http://www.brainpop.com/health/geneticsgrowthanddevelopment/genderdetermination/

  40. How do we read Pedigrees? a. Circles stand for females and squares stand for males b. Horizontal lines between two people represent that they have had children c. Vertical lines connect the children to the parents

  41. How do we read Pedigrees? d. Shapes that are filled in express the trait e. Shapes that are NOT filled in do NOT express the trait f. If a person is heterozygous for a trait, then he or she is also called a carrier. - Carriers are represented by half filled in shapes

  42. Example

  43. Copy down the Pedigree Key GenderPhenotypeGenotype F normal XX F carrier XXa F affected XaXa M normal XY M affectedXaY

  44. Practice: Example 1

  45. Practice: Example 2 Hemophilia Hemophilia

  46. Warm Up 1. 2.

  47. Agenda • Objectives: SWBAT: Identify the sex chromosomes in humans and recognize inheritance patterns that are sex-linked, using a pedigree or scenario • Watch couple videos • Practice Problems • Finish Worksheet • Exit Ticket • Review for Quiz

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