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5.5 Classification

5.5 Classification. IB SL Biology I. Why Classify?. Taxonomy - the science and practice of classification Humans have developed classification systems in order to make sense of the abundant biological diversity that exists in nature.

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5.5 Classification

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  1. 5.5 Classification IB SL Biology I

  2. Why Classify? • Taxonomy - the science and practice of classification • Humans have developed classification systems in order to make sense of the abundant biological diversity that exists in nature. • Classification was attempted by looking at as many visible characteristics as possible. As new molecular methods are introduced, significant changes have been made to classification.

  3. Panthera Chordata Biological Classification System • Hierarchical • Larger groups are more general and smaller groups are more specific. • For example, the phylum Chordataincludes both lions and lionfish, but the genus Panthera includes only lions. • Phylogenetic • It is meant to reflect the evolutionary interrelatedness among groups. • The grey wolf and the dog both are placed in the genus Canis because of their close evolutionary relationship.

  4. Carl linnaeus • Swedish biologist • Introduced the binomial system of nomenclature • Named many plants and animals using it

  5. Binomial nomenclature • Binomial nomenclature – system of naming species using two words • Genus –group of species that share certain characteristics • First word in naming • Begins with a CAPITAL letter • Species name – second word • Begins with a lowercase letter • Eg. Linnaea borealis • Always italicized (or underlined if hand written) • Once used once, can abbreviate to L. borealis

  6. Seven levels of hierarchy of taxa • Taxon– in Greek means “group” • Kingdom– general, largest, share features • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species - most specific, smallest • Acronym - King Philip Came OverFrom Great Spain

  7. Examples

  8. Dichotomous key • Method of identifying an organism • Numbered series of pairs of descriptors • One matches the species, the other is clearly wrong • Each pair leads to another pair of descriptors OR to an identification • Features chosen for descriptors should be easily visible

  9. Dichotomous key example

  10. Design a Dichotomous Key

  11. Homework • Shark Dichotomous Key • KPCOFGS explained for one species

  12. Activity: Owl Pellet Lab • Read Owl Pellet Lab Handout • Background • Activity 1 • Complete Activity 1 with lab partner

  13. DAY 2: CLASSIFYING PLANTS AND ANIMALS IB SL 1 BIOLOGY

  14. Classification of Animals

  15. Matching Activity

  16. Classification of humans • Controversial • Read pg 18 • Critical consideration: race and racism Q1-3

  17. Practice DBQ

  18. Compare the change in the buzzard population to the change in the grey partridges population. (2)

  19. Homework • Pg 202

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