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Korean War

Korean War.

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Korean War

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  1. Korean War Escalation of border clashes between two rival Korean regimes, each of which was supported by external powers, with each trying to topple the other through political and conventional tactics. Main opposing sides were the United States, fighting on behalf of South Korean, and Red China, fighting on behalf of North Korea. The conflict occurred from 1950 to 1953.

  2. 38th Parallel Parallel that divides Korea roughly in the middle. In 1948, the dividing line became the boundary between the newly independent countries of North and South Korea. At the end of the Korean War (1950-1953), a new border was established through the middle of the Demilitarized Zone, which cuts across the 38th parallel at an acute angle, from southwest to northeast. The 38th Parallel was also the place where the cease-fire was called to end the fighting.

  3. Ho Chi Minh Vietnamese revolutionary and statesman, who later became prime minister (1946–1955) and president (1946–1969) of North Vietnam. Led the Viet Minh independence movement from 1941 onward, establishing the communist-governed Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945 and defeating the French Union in 1954 at Dien Bien Phu. Led the North Vietnamese in the Vietnam War until his death.

  4. Vietcong Pro-Communist insurgent organization which fought against the government of South Vietnam during the Vietnam War (1960-1975). Officially known as National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF). Funded, equipped and staffed by personnel from both South Vietnam and North Vietnam.

  5. Guerrilla Warfare Unconventional warfare and combat with which a small group of combatants use mobile tactics (ambushes, raids, etc.) to combat a larger and less mobile formal army. The guerrilla army uses ambush and mobility in attacking vulnerable targets in enemy territory.

  6. Domino Theory Anti-communist, U.S. foreign policy theory that speculated that if one land in a region came under the influence of communism, surrounding countries would follow in a ‘domino effect’.

  7. Tet Offensive Three-phase military campaign conducted between 30 January and 23 September 1968, by the combined forces of the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (NLF or derogatively, Viet Cong) and the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) during the Vietnam War. The purpose of the operations, which were unprecedented in this conflict in their magnitude and ferocity, was to strike military and civilian command and control centers throughout the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) and to spark a general uprising among the population that would then topple the Saigon government, thus ending the war in a single blow.

  8. Straits of Hormuz Narrow, strategically important waterway between the Gulf of Oman in the southeast and the Persian Gulf in the southwest. On the north coast is Iran and on the south coast is the United Arab Emirates and Musandam, an exclave of Oman. The strait at its narrowest is 21 miles (34 km) wide. It is the only sea passage to the open ocean for large areas of the petroleum-exporting Persian Gulf States. Some 30 percent of the world's oil supply passes through the strait, making it one of the world's strategically important chokepoints.

  9. OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a large group of countries made up of Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. The organization has maintained its headquarters in Vienna since 1965, hosting regular meetings between the oil ministers of its member states.

  10. Osama bin Laden Islamic militant, and believed to be the founder of the Jihadist organization Al-Qaeda. He is a member of the prestigious and wealthy bin Laden family. In conjunction with several other Islamic militant leaders, bin Laden issued two fatawa—in 1996 and then again in 1998—that Muslims should kill civilians and military personnel from the United States and allied countries until they withdraw military forces from Islamic countries and withdraw support for Israel. Although bin Laden has not been indicted for the September 11, 2001 attacks, he has claimed responsibility for them in videos released to the public.

  11. War on Terror Common term for the various military, political and legal actions initiated by the United States government, stated to be a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks. According to the government, the objectives are to counter terrorist threats, prevent terrorist acts and curb the influence of terrorist organizations such as al-Qaeda.

  12. Saddam Hussein Former President of Iraq, who ruled brutally from July 16, 1979 until April 9, 2003. Overthrown and captured by the U.S. on December 13, 2003, Saddam was brought to trial under the Iraqi interim government set up by U.S.-led forces. On November 5, 2006, he was convicted of charges related to the executions of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites suspected of planning an assassination attempt against him, and was sentenced to death by hanging. He was executed on December 30, 2006.

  13. 38th Parallel Desegregated U.S. Army Picasso: ‘Massacre in Korea’ U.S. General MacArthur

  14. Chinese War Propaganda North Korean Leader: Kim Il Sung Chinese Army Assault

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