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Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson. 7 th President of the U.S. (1829-1837). Presentation Outline. Introduction Childhood Career Path Military Experience Politics & Elections Our 7 th President Post-Presidency Quote. Introduction. Lived 1767-1845 President 1829-1837 Born in South Carolina

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Andrew Jackson

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  1. Andrew Jackson 7th President of the U.S. (1829-1837)

  2. Presentation Outline Introduction Childhood Career Path Military Experience Politics & Elections Our 7th President Post-Presidency Quote

  3. Introduction • Lived 1767-1845 • President 1829-1837 • Born in South Carolina • Survived the Revolution • Success in Law • Glory on the Battlefield • Fame and persistence brings presidency

  4. Introduction • Descriptions: • “Self-made man” • “Son of the frontier” • “Strong will and moral courage” • “Loyal friend or fierce enemy” • “Defender of honor” • “Old Hickory”

  5. Introduction • Known for: • His pursuit of fame • His courage • His deep loyalties • His relentless patriotism • His conscientious performance of duty • His belief the he represents the people against aristocracy and privilege

  6. Childhood • Born in backwoods of South Carolina • 3rd of 3 boys in a Presbyterian Scott-Irish family • Father died of logging accident before birth • Oldest brother died in war • Andrew and brother escape w/ injury • Andrew becomes orphan at age 14

  7. Career Path • School teacher as teen • Studied law in North Carolina • Passed the bar in 1787 • Appointed prosecuting officer for TN courts • First congressman of TN in 1796 • Served in senate briefly, resigned • Served 6 years judge for TN Supreme Court

  8. Military Experience • Elected major general of TN militia in 1802 • Ten years later appointed to major general of U.S. forces • Several campaigns in the Creek Wars in 1814 • Promoted to major general of normal army • Battle of New Orleans in 1815 • Seminole Wars of 1817 • “Old Hickory”

  9. Politics and Elections • Jacksonian Democracy: • An increase of respect and power for the common man • An extension to the voting electorate • All white male adults versus landowners only • A stronger presidency • Encouraging public participation • Elected officials, not by appointment

  10. Politics and Elections • “The Stolen Election” • Jackson won the popular vote in 1824, but failed to secure the electoral majority • Opponents such as Clay and Adams were horrified at the possibility of Jackson becoming president • However, he would defeat Adams in the ‘28 election and Clay in ‘32 to serve a full two terms

  11. Our 7th President • Won the 1828 election by a landslide • In his first message to Congress, he suggested eliminating the electoral college portion of the voting system • The 1824 “stolen election” would not be the last time a presidential nominee would get the popular vote and not the electoral

  12. Our 7th President • Office-holding and the “spoils system” • He advocated for the democratization of Federal Office-holding • Political election over appointment • Should be more turnover in political roles

  13. Our 7th President Jackson believed in a strong presidency Opposition depicted Jackson as a tyrant Rather than defer to Congress in policy-making, he used the power of the veto and represented the party leadership

  14. Our 7th President • Battle w/ the Second Bank of the U.S. in 1832 • Bank favored the wealthy, Jackson saw it as unconstitutional and vetoed its recharter • Later moved funds to state banks • South Carolina Tariff Crises in 1834 • High tariffs cause resistance in S.C.; Jackson makes efforts to put down the crises w/ help from Clay • Jackson Eliminates the National Debt in 1835 • For the only two years in our nation’s history, 1835 and 1836, there was no money owed to nations or creditors

  15. Our 7th President • Native Americans • Between 1814-1817 he fought in the Creek Wars and the Seminole Wars in Florida • In his first term as president, he passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830 • Pushed Native Americans west of the Mississippi • Displaced them from 100 million acres of land • Trail of Tears; thousands died en route to Oklahoma Territories

  16. Our 7th President • Jackson Firsts: • First populist president not to come from the aristocracy • First to have his vice-president resign from office • First to form an informal “kitchen cabinet” • First to use a “pocket-veto” to kill a bill in Congress • First to marry a divorcee • First to be nominated at a national convention

  17. Post-Presidency • Helped his old vice-president Martin Van Buren get elected president • He spent his final eight years of life at his estate in Tennessee, which he and his wife had called “The Hermitage” • He died there in June of 1845 • Left his estate to his adopted son, Andrew Jr.

  18. “Quote” • Without union our independence and liberty would never have been achieved; without union they never can be maintained. ... The loss of liberty, of all good government, of peace, plenty, and happiness, must inevitably follow a dissolution of the Union. • --Andrew Jackson, Second Inaugural Address, 1833

  19. Questions List five facts about Andrew Jackson, whether it be personal or political What is your opinion of Jackson from what you have now learned about him? How would you rate him as a president, and why?

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