Reorganization of ICANN

1. Reorganizationof ICANN Reorganization of ICANN, ccSO Elisabeth Porteneuve AFNIC (NIC-FR) ccTLD Names Council Member DNSO Secretariat

2. ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers USG Government White Paper (5 Jun 1998) http://www.icann.org/general/white-paper-05jun98.htm MoU between USG and ICANN (28 Nov 1998) http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/domainname/icann-memorandum.htm)

3. ICANN (1) • Defined as an international body for technical management of the Internet, set up as a project of US Government in 1998 • Initialy estimated for 2 years • Extended until September 2001 • Structure defined in Articles (Bylaws), compromise between various groups ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

4. ICANN (2) • 3 Supporting Organizations • ASO (Address SO) => 3 Directors • PSO (Protocol SO) => 3 Directors • DNSO (Domain Names SO) => 3 Directors • At-Large Members => 9 Directors • It was expected that At-Large Directors will replace the 9 Initial ones • Does Internet lead towards direct democracy ? • GAC (Governmental Advisory Committee) • RSAC (Root Server Advisory Committee) ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

5. ASO Address Supporting Organization • IP numbers • 3 professional organizations, Regional Internet Registries : • APNIC (Asia-Pacific) • ARIN (North and South America, partly Africa) • RIPE NCC (Europe, partly Africa, Middle East) ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

6. PSO Protocol Supporting Organization • Internet Protocols • 4 professional organizations • Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) • World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) • International Telecommunications Union (ITU) • European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

7. DNSO Domain Names Supporting Organization • DNSO was built up from scratch, at the same time as ICANN • 7 Constituencies (built up from scratch) • ccTLD Registries • gTLD Registries • Registrars • Business and Commercial Interests • Internet Service Providers and Connectivity Providers • Intellectual Property • Non Commercial Domain Names Holders ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

8. DNSO (2) • Domain names are the most passionate and contentious issue on the Internet • Two categories of TLD: • gTLD: international rules, established within ICANN framework • ccTLD: national rules, established within countries • Impact of gTLDs on ccTLDs ? ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

9. At-Large Membership • At-Large Member of ICANN (« people of the Internet ») • 158000 subscribers, no fees, procedure Web+e-Mail+postal letter • 5 Directors elected by At-Large in October 2000, one per region • Step-by-step and fears, 4 another Initial Directors continue to serve • AGM ICANN Los Angeles Nov 2000 • 5 At-Large replace 5 Initial ones ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

10. gTLD « Global Village » • 3 SOs, AtLarge, GAC • Rules established within ICANN • Operating under US law and jurisdiction • The Registrants or Registrars are from all other the world, but the terms and conditions of contractual relationship they have with the generic (global) TLD Registries are always US connected. ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

11. ccTLD « Countries Village » • Reality of the World • Policy rules are devised locally by a Local Internet Community including local government • Each ccTLD operated under its national law and jurisdiction ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

12. Rich world of ccTLD (1) • Various business models • Private companies, public organizations, governmental agencies • Private for profit and private not for profit • Registries forbidden to act as Registrars or cooperatives of Registrars and ISPs • Naming authority inside and outside of Registry • Loosly contracting with Registrars or developing accreditation policies ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

13. Rich world of ccTLD (2) • Trusty for a Nation • Developing Local Internet Community • Working together with local government • Providing arbitration services for various disputes • Following ICANN process and acting as information center in national language ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

14. ccTLD concerns • IANA partnership and re-delegations well defined • Contractual relationship with ICANN • Stability of Internet and its root servers • New TLDs and their impact • International Domain Names • Data protection ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

15. ccTLD structure • ccTLD bring genuine international legitimacy to ICANN • ccTLD are well organized structure for development of policy matters - international network of national ICANN-like bodies • ccTLD act as legitimate national representations on Internet matters ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

16. AtLarge and ccTLD • Internet AtLarge democracy cannot be built up without education and appropriate local structures • ccTLD have their LICs, it is a structure for information and education • The Internet education is matter of local language and local culture • « Global Village » and « Countries Village » are complementeries and simultaneous ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

17. ICANN reorganization (1) • ASO+PSO, as it is, 6 ICANN Directors • DNSO with 6 professional constituencies, « Global Village » perspective, 3 ICANN Directors • Individuals SO, AtLarge and DNSO GA successor, tentative for direct democracy, 3 ICANN Directors • ccSO Registries representing Local Internet Communities, « Countries Village » perspective, 6 ICANN Directors ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

18. ICANN reorganization (2) • Financial scheme shall be adapted to the membership • ccTLD contribute for 35% to ICANN budget, its ICANN Board Directors shall match this proportion ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay

19. Conclusions • ICANN reform is necessary • Internet management requests for better worldwide participation • ccTLD component is essential for ICANN, and its structure does exist • AtLarge component is essential for ICANN, but is cannot be deployed without structure ccSO formation, Montevideo, Uruguay