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Exploring Minerals: Properties, Uses, and Testing

Discover the fascinating world of minerals with insights on uses like toothpaste, pottery, electronics, and more. Learn how to identify minerals through hardness and streak tests in this informative guide.

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Exploring Minerals: Properties, Uses, and Testing

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  1. Minerals Mrs. Fritts 7th Grade Science

  2. Fluorite Fluorite is used in: • Toothpaste “Fluoride” • Pottery • Ceramics • Paint Pigment

  3. Halite (Rock Salt) • Evaporation of lakes, seas • Commonly recognized as salt, halite is used in human and animal diet, food seasoning and food preservation • Mineral waters • Soap • Home water softeners • Highway de-icer • Ice Cream production

  4. Marble • Used as stone in building construction and for making decorative items such as pillars, floor and bath tiles, table tops etc.

  5. Talc • Softest • Baby powder • Astringent for rashes • Soapstone • Gymnastics to grasp Bars

  6. Copper • Conductor • Currency • Electrical wires • Sculptures • Computer circuits and chips

  7. Quartz • Gemstones • Glass manufacturing • Radios • Computers • Electronic equipment • Piezoelectric property • Quartz clock

  8. Diamond • Hardest Mineral • Cutting tools • Dentist Drill • Blades • Saws • Commercial Items

  9. Mining for Ores • A cheap way of locating ore deposit and bringing it to the surface is to blast away the soil and rock which is called “overburden” • Toxins - mercury, arsenic, selenium and lead • When gold is extracted, it is crushed and sprayed with cyanide, which bonds with the gold. Cyanide then leaches. A dose of cyanide the size of a grain of rice is enough to kill a human while one millionth of a gram per liter of water is enough to kill fish.

  10. The damage to land after a large-scale mining operation has finished is devastating and leaves the landscape so polluted that it cannot properly sustain life for thousands of years.

  11. Mineral ID Lab Introduction • Performing Two Physical Property Tests • Hardness Test • Streak Test • Use these two tests to identify a mineral

  12. Streak Test • Often, minerals have a different color streak than the original color of the mineral. • Test the streak of the minerals with a Streak Plate and write down the streak you see. • Also, identify the color of the mineral • Sometimes minerals have the same color and streak , so geologists use another test….

  13. Color and Streak Test • Identifying six minerals using color and streak- • Garnet • Olivine • Red Hematite • Malachite • Magnetite • Hornblende

  14. Example Table

  15. Hardness Test Which minerals can scratch other minerals? 1 = Talc 2 = Gypsum 3 = Calcite 4 = Fluorite 5 = Apatite 6 = Feldspar 7 = Quartz 8 = Topaz 9 = Corundium 10 = Diamond Finger Nail = 2.5 Copper Penny = 3.0 Nail = 5.5 Glass Plate = 5.5 Steel File = 6.5

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