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Cyberbullying

Cyberbullying. The New Bully on the Block Julie Phillips North Texas University. Cyberbullies. Using technology to repeatedly inflict harm on others 5 All ages, genders, races, socioeconomic levels Cybervictims 9 times more likely to become cyberbullies 26

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Cyberbullying

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  1. Cyberbullying The New Bully on the Block Julie Phillips North Texas University

  2. Cyberbullies • Using technology to repeatedly inflict harm on others5 • All ages, genders, races, socioeconomic levels • Cybervictims 9 times more likely to become cyberbullies26 • Most often bully for entertainment • Frequent Internet users • Girls cyberbully more often than traditional bullying25

  3. Occurs non-stop 24/7 • 40% of children are cyberbullied8 • 89% know someone9 • 47% Have witness cyberbullying online

  4. Methods Online gaming Calling Texting Emailing Instant Messaging Virtual Worlds Sending Pictures or Videos Interactive Rating Sites

  5. Methods Attacks • Indirect Attack1 • Warning wars • Incorrect reporting of “abusive” or “spam” postings • Identity theft • Direct Attack17,26 • Text messaging • Blog posts • Sending pictures or videos • Polling websites • Interactive gaming

  6. Cybervictim Profile • Academically gifted less likely to be cyberbullied • Socially isolated more likely to be cyberbullied20 • Girls4, 25 • Chat rooms (27%) • Text messages (22%) • Email (14%) • Picture and video cyberbullying has greatest effect21

  7. Cybervictim Teens • 66% go online daily12 • 75% have social media accounts12 • 78% have been using Internet for more than three years14 Results14 • 35% of middle school children have be cyberbullied • 46% of high school children have been cyberbullied Most common cybervictim age is 13-1525,, 14

  8. Cybervictim Effects • More devastating than traditional bullying • Continuous attacks 24/7 • Quick dissemination of information • Victim does not know the identity of attacker9

  9. Cyberbullying Results Frustration Anger Sadness Depression Suicidal thoughts Post-traumatic stress disorder Low self esteem1,13,18, 23 • Family problems • Academic problems • School delinquency • Delinquent behavior • School violence • Hurt themselves or others • Eating disorders • Substance abuse 1,13,18, 23, 28

  10. Cyberbullying Consequences • Very little fear of exposure14 • Loss of Internet privileges/account suspended1 • Service provider • Specific website access • State and federal charges • Identify theft • misdemeanor charges for cyberharrassment

  11. Prevention Who is responsible? • Children • Parents • Schools • Law Enforcement

  12. Prevention Children • Awareness • What is cyberbullying? • Safe Internet usage taught in Elementary School • Avoidance21 • Block text messages or emails • Changing phone numbers or email accounts • Gender • Male- physical retaliation9 • Female4 • Confide in a friend • Stay off line • Did nothing

  13. Prevention Students Helping Students17 • Assure students they are not alone • Acknowledge emotional impact • Encourage victims to speak up • Share personal stories • Conflict resolution • Strategies for dealing with cyberbullies

  14. Prevention http://commons.wikimedia. http://commons.wikimedia. https://www.netflix.com/WiMovie/Cyberbully/

  15. Prevention Keeping Students Safe • Know what a cyberbully is • Never give out passwords • Always log off websites • Stop and think before you post • Never open emails from someone you don’t know • Use privacy settings • “Google” yourself • Do not cyberbully anyone else

  16. Prevention Parents • Problems • Infrequent parental monitoring of computer usage28 • Communication barriers • Suggestions10 • Monitor/restrict technology usage • Install tracking and filtering software • Report cases of cyberbullying to school or law enforcement • Make children aware of consequences of poor digital decisions

  17. Prevention Schools • Assemblies have little effect • Hard to punish—doesn’t always happen on campus • Less than 40% of schools have a cyberbullying protocol3 • Need to develop response guidelines • Develop digital citizenship behaviors protocols • Teacher’s response22 • Talk to cyberbully • Take away privileges • Report incident to administrators

  18. Prevention Law Enforcement17 • No Federal laws regarding cyberbullying • 49 states have ant bullying laws • 47 include online harassment • 17 refer specifically to cyberbullying • 12 include criminal sanctions • All require schools to have ant bullying policy • School Safety Officers • Educate parents and students • 25% unaware of cyberbullying law

  19. Conclusion • Tell someone • Do not respond • Do not retaliate • Save cyberbullying communications • Block or restrict cyberbullies access

  20. STOP CYBERBULLYING Cyberbullying is limited only by the imagination and bandwidth of the kidsPerry Aftab, founder of Stopcyberbullying.org Schools Children Parents Law Enforcement

  21. References • AAftab, P., & WiredSafety Group. (2012). Stop cyberbullying. Retrieved from www.stopcyberbullying.org • kbulut, Y. (2011). Bullying: New bullying study.Education Letter. Retrieved from www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic • Bhat, C. Chang, S., & Linscott, J. (2010) Addressing cyberbullying as a media literacy issue. New Horizons in Education. 58(3), 34-43. • Burgess-Proctor, A., Patchin, J. W. & Hinduja, S. (2009). Cyberbullying and online harassment: Reconceptualizing the victimization of adolescent girls (p. 162-176). In V. Garcia and J. Clifford (Eds.). Female Crime Victims: Reality Reconsidered. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. • Cetin, B., Eroglu, Y., Peker, A., Akbaba, S., & Pepsoy, S. (2012). The investigation of relationship among relational-interdependent self-construal, cyberbullying, and psychological disharmony in adolescents: an investigation of structural equation modeling. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 12(2), 646-653. • Gaggle. (2010). Gaggle launches strategic partnership with CyberSmart!. Technology Business Journal. Retrieved from www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic • Greenhow, C. (2010). New concept of citizenship for the digital age. Learning & Leading with Technology, 37(6), 24-25 • Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2011). High-tech cruelty. Educational Leadership, 68(5), 48-52. • Hoff, D., & Mitchell, S. (2009). Cyberbullying: Causes, effects, and remedies. Journal of Educational Administration, 47(5), 652-665. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09578230910981107 • Kowalski, R., Limber, S., & Garston, P. (2008). Cyber bullying: Bullying in the digital age. Malden, MA: Blackwell. • Lenhart, A., Purcell, K., Smith, A., & Zickuhr, K. (2010). Social media and young adults. Retrieved from Pew Internet and American Life Project at www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2010/Social-Media-and-Young-Adults.aspx • Lenhart, A. (2009). Cyberbullying what the research is telling us. [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/PewInternet/cyberbullying-what-the-research-is-telling-us?type=presentation • Munn, D. (2013). Cyberbullying requires a balanced approach. Guelph Mercury. Retrieved from SIRS Researcher. • National Crime Prevention Council. (2007). Teens and cyberbullying. Retrieved from http://www.ncpc.org/resources. • Nassau County District Attorney. (2012). Justin Bieber on cyberbullying. Retrieved from www.youtube.com/watch?v=loo3ZwM79sQ

  22. References • Niemeyer, S. (2008). A legal analysis of anti-bullying laws in the united states: Are the laws adequate to address cyberbullying? (Order No. 3361193, The University of Mississippi). ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, 147. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/304532086?accountid=7113. (prod.academic_MSTAR_304532086). • Patchin, J., & Hinduja, S. (2013). Cyberbullying research center. Retrieved from http://www.cyberbullying.us. • Patchin, J., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: A preliminary look at cyberbullying. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 4(2), 148-169. • Secret Deodorant. (2012). Don’t be a cyberbully. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/user/SecretDeodorant?feature=watch • Siegel, D. (2010). Cyberbullying and sexting: Technology abuses of the 21st century. Gifted Child Today, 33(2), 14-16. • Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(4), 376-385. • Stauffer, S., Heath, M., Coyne, S., & Ferrin, S. (2012). High school teachers' perceptions of cyberbullying prevention and intervention strategies. Psychology In The Schools, 49(4), 352-367. • Toshack, T., & Colmar, S. (2012). A cyberbullying intervention with primary-aged students.  Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 2(2) 268-278. • United States Department of Justice. (nd). Stop cyberbullying before it starts. Retrieved from http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/cds/internet_safety/NCPC/ • Stop%20Cyberbullying%20Before%20It%20Starts.pdf • Wade, A. & Beran, T. (2011) Cyberbullying: The new era of bullying. Canadian Journal of School Psychology. (26)1 44-61. • Walrave, M., & Heirman, W. (2011). Cyberbullying: Predicting victimization and perpetration. Children & Society, 25(1), 59-72. • Wright, V. H., Burnham, J. J., Inman, C. T., & Ogorchock, H. N. (2009). Cyberbullying: using virtual scenarios to educate and raise awareness. Journal Of Computing In Teacher Education, 26(1), 35-42. • Ybarra M., & Mitchell K., (2004). Online aggressor⁄targets, aggressors, and targets: A comparison of associated youth characteristics. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 45: 1308–1316. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00328.x.

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