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Assorted Observation Systems

Assorted Observation Systems. Meteorology 415 Fall 2011. Probing the Atmosphere. Surface Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) - Temp, Moisture, Pressure, Wind, Solar Radiation, Cloud Height, Precipitation, Visibility. Probing the Atmosphere. Network of Surface Hourly Observations:

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Assorted Observation Systems

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  1. Assorted Observation Systems Meteorology 415 Fall 2011

  2. Probing the Atmosphere • Surface • Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) - Temp, Moisture, Pressure, Wind, Solar Radiation, Cloud Height, Precipitation, Visibility

  3. Probing the Atmosphere • Network of Surface Hourly Observations: - FAA (1,000) - FHWA (100’s) - USDA (100’s) - DOD (100’s) - USFS (100’s) - EPA (100’s)

  4. Probing the Atmosphere • Network of Mesoscale Observations: - State DOT (1000) - AG Nets (1000) - Private (AWS) (7000) - Utilities (100’s)

  5. Probing the Atmosphere • Cooperative Climate Network • (10,000) • daily precip • most snow • some temp • few river gauges

  6. Probing the Atmosphere • Cooperative Climate Network • Backbone of the nation’s climate records

  7. Probing the Atmosphere • Historical Climate Network • (1,000 subset) • Basis of US Climate Trends

  8. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Radiosonde Network (100)

  9. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Atmospheric Sounding • Twice a day • Temperature • Dewpoint • Winds • Area equal to energy

  10. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Profiler Network (dozens)

  11. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Profiler Cross-Section • Every 6 minutes • Winds • Density (T,M)

  12. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Suomi-Net (100) • Real-Time Integrated Water Content of the Atmosphere based on GPS attenuation

  13. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Suomi-Net • A time series of precipitable water vapor • Related to surface flux of out-going long wave radiation • Used as a calibration for other estimates of water content

  14. Probing the Atmosphere • Cross-Sections • ACARS – Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (4,000 daily)

  15. Probing the Atmosphere • Cross-Sections • ACARS • Winds and Temperatures along the flight path • Important reports of Turbulence, both in cloud and clear air

  16. Probing the Atmosphere • Horizontal – surface observing systems; hourly, daily • Vertical – weather balloons, Doppler radar, GPS • Cross-Section – Aircraft sensors

  17. References • http://acweb.fsl.noaa.gov/ruc_acars/ • http://www.profiler.noaa.gov/npn/ • http://www.weather.gov/om/coop/ • http://www.ua.nws.noaa.gov/nws_upper.htm • http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/mesonet/meso_mtn.pdf

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