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Assorted Observation Systems

Explore various observation networks and tools monitoring meteorological conditions, providing valuable data on temperature, moisture, wind, and precipitation. Learn about Surface Automated Observing Systems, Vertical Profiles, and more.

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Assorted Observation Systems

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  1. Assorted Observation Systems Meteorology 415 Fall 2011

  2. Probing the Atmosphere • Surface • Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) - Temp, Moisture, Pressure, Wind, Solar Radiation, Cloud Height, Precipitation, Visibility

  3. Probing the Atmosphere • Network of Surface Hourly Observations: - FAA (1,000) - FHWA (100’s) - USDA (100’s) - DOD (100’s) - USFS (100’s) - EPA (100’s)

  4. Probing the Atmosphere • Network of Mesoscale Observations: - State DOT (1000) - AG Nets (1000) - Private (AWS) (7000) - Utilities (100’s)

  5. Probing the Atmosphere • Cooperative Climate Network • (10,000) • daily precip • most snow • some temp • few river gauges

  6. Probing the Atmosphere • Cooperative Climate Network • Backbone of the nation’s climate records

  7. Probing the Atmosphere • Historical Climate Network • (1,000 subset) • Basis of US Climate Trends

  8. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Radiosonde Network (100)

  9. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Atmospheric Sounding • Twice a day • Temperature • Dewpoint • Winds • Area equal to energy

  10. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Profiler Network (dozens)

  11. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Profiler Cross-Section • Every 6 minutes • Winds • Density (T,M)

  12. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Suomi-Net (100) • Real-Time Integrated Water Content of the Atmosphere based on GPS attenuation

  13. Probing the Atmosphere • Vertical Profile • Suomi-Net • A time series of precipitable water vapor • Related to surface flux of out-going long wave radiation • Used as a calibration for other estimates of water content

  14. Probing the Atmosphere • Cross-Sections • ACARS – Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (4,000 daily)

  15. Probing the Atmosphere • Cross-Sections • ACARS • Winds and Temperatures along the flight path • Important reports of Turbulence, both in cloud and clear air

  16. Probing the Atmosphere • Horizontal – surface observing systems; hourly, daily • Vertical – weather balloons, Doppler radar, GPS • Cross-Section – Aircraft sensors

  17. References • http://acweb.fsl.noaa.gov/ruc_acars/ • http://www.profiler.noaa.gov/npn/ • http://www.weather.gov/om/coop/ • http://www.ua.nws.noaa.gov/nws_upper.htm • http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/mesonet/meso_mtn.pdf

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