Tracking Arrays based on Position Sensitive Ge Detectors

1. AGATA: Status of the Implementation and Performance A. Gadea (IFIC, CSIC-Univ. Valencia)for the AGATA collaboration

2. Tracking Arrays based on Position Sensitive Ge Detectors Large g-Arrays based on Compton Suppressed Spectrometers EUROBALL AGATA e~ 10 — 5 % ( Mg=1 - Mg=30) e~ 40 — 20 % ( Mg=1 - Mg=30) Compact g-Arrays optimized Doppler correction, low Mg EXOGAM MINIBALL e~ 20 % Mg=1

3. Advantages of g-ray tracking • Efficiency – Proper reconstruction of scattered gamma rays, no solid angle used for Anti-Compton shield • Peak-to-background – Reject Partially absorved events • Doppler correction - Position of first interaction determined • Polarization – Angular distribution of the scattering sequence • Counting rate – high segmentation and digital pile-up treatment Compton Suppresion Gamma Tracking

4. · · · · · · · · g Concept ofg-Tracking Highly segmented HPGe detectors NOVEL PRE-AMPS Identified interaction points Reconstruction of interaction tracks (tracking algorithmson interaction points)DAQ TRACKING-FARM (x,y,z,E,t)i Pulse Shape Analysisto de-convolute therecorded wavesDAQ PSA - FARM Synchronized digital electronics record and process the segment signalsDIGITIZERS +PRE-PROCESSING On-line reconstruction of g-rays

5. Encapsulation AGATA(Advanced GAmmaTracking Array) 180 hexagonal crystals 3 shapes 60 triple-clusters all equal Inner radius (Ge) 23.5 cm Amount of germanium 362 kg Solid angle coverage 82 % 36-fold segmentation 6480 segments Singles rate ~50 kHz Efficiency: 43% (Mg=1) 28% (Mg=30) Peak/Total: 58% (Mg=1) 49% (Mg=30) 6660 high-resolution digital electronics channels High throughput DAQ Pulse Shape Analysis  position sensitive operation mode g-ray tracking algorithms to achieve maximum efficiency Coupling to complementary detectors for added selectivity

6. AGATA 180 E. Farnea, et al. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2010.04.043.

7. AGATA + Inner Complementary Instrument EUCLIDES 1mm Si DIAMANT 5mm CsI PSA + TRACKING Reaction chamber made with aluminium 2mm thick Shell of silicon 1mm thick and a shell of CsI 5mm thick AGATA – Complementary Detectors W.G. (E.Farnea M.Palacz)

8. Sensibility as fraction of reaction channel Spin ħ

9. Segmentation of the AGATA detector Implementation in GEANT4 Pulse Shape Simulations Th. Kröll, A. Görgen A.Wiens et al. NIMA 618 (2010) 223E.Farnea et al. NIMA 621 (2010)331

10. Asymmetric AGATA Triple Cryostat - integration of 111 high resolution spectroscopy channels - cold FET technology for all signals Challenges: - mechanical precision - heat development, LN2 consumption - microphonics - noise, high frequencies

11. Experimental Campaign at Legnaro

12. Current planning

13. Simulations for the GSI set-up AGATA S2 Geometry + = 10 ATC + 5double Cluster

14. Detectors 3 symmetric detector delivered early R&D phase 15 asymmetric capsules ordered R&D phase 17 asymmetric capsules ordered present phase 14 operational More orders (France and Italy soon) 9 triple cryostats ordered 4(5) operational + 5 B and C capsules from the GSI phase 5 test cryostats available (scanning, CAT tests, electronics tests.) Double cryostats for the GSI phase

15. SEGMENT Preprocessing save 1600 ns of pulse 200 MB/s 100 Ms/s 14 bits + - Energy & Classification ADC ~ 200 B/segment ~ 10 MB/s GL-Trigger LL-Trigger DETECTOR Suppression / Compression E, t, x, y, z,... Pulse Shape Analysis 100 B/ev 5 MB/s 1.5 ··· 7.5 kB/ev ~ 100 MB/s 36+1 7.5 kB/event 380 MB/s GLOBAL <100 MB/s Event Builder g-ray Tracking HL-Trigger, Storage On Line Analysis 5*n max.900 MB/s GLobal-Trigger to reduce event rate to what PSA is able to manage Data Flow in AGATA Rates @ 50 kHz singles

16. Fast 1st Level Trigger Clock 100 MHz T-Stamp PSA FARM Core + 36 seg. Other detectors Control, Storage… TRACKING Digital preamplifier concept Structure of Electronics and DAQ DIGITIZER PREAMPL. Other Detectors GL Trigger 75.5db SNR 12.2 ENOB Diff. Fast-reset-TOT INFN-MI/GANIL/KÖLN IPHC/Liverpool/ STFC 200MB/s/ segment Detector Level ATCA Carrier GTS GTS INFN-Pd HIGH THROUGHTPUT PRE-PROCESSING CARRIER / MEZZANINES 100MB/s/detector IPNO/CSNSM/INFN-Pd Global Level DAQ-NARVALRUN- & SLOW-Control EVENT BUILDER Other detectors IPNO/CSNSM/LNL/GANIL/IFJ-PAN interface to GTS, merge time-stamped data into event builder, prompt local trigger from digitisers

17. Electronics and Data Acquistion Preamplifiers Digitizers Pre-processing Trigger NARVAL DAQ (tracking, storage, GUI) Ready for 5 x Triple Clusters and 5 x Duoble Clusters by the end of 2011

18. The AGATA Trigger System • Tree Structure Based on the GTS Mezzanines • Trigger Logic Build in the Global Trigger Processor • Possibility to Define Partitions for Different Detectors or Groups of Detectors • The logic: • Multiplicity conditions within each partition • Prompt or Delay Logical Conditions Involving more partitions

19. Global Processor:Sequential Batcher Sorting + Multiplicity Processing M. Bellato, L. Berti, J. Chavas, INFN-Pd and LNL

20. Partitions Coincidence • Prompt and delayed • Case study: • M(Ge) >= N and M(Other Detector) >= K before/after deltaT M. Bellato, L. Berti, J. Chavas, INFN-Pd and LNL

21. AGATA and the Complementary Instrumentation

22. Analogue vs Digital Electronics Standard Arrays E Shaping Amplifier ADC Detector (Germanium) DAQ t TDC CFD AGATA E E MWD E Detector (Germanium) t t FADC DCFD PSA Tracking DAQ t x,y,z Filters Segment Detector Array

23. AGATA and Other Detectors (standard electronics) prompt trigger Digitizer Other Analogue REQ VAL REQ VAL Pre-processing GTS local AGAVA IFJ-PAN Other VME PSA Other Readout Trigger GTS supervisor Event Builder Pre-processing Ancillary Merge Tracking Online analysis Storage Advanced Data Flow system developed in ADA NARVAL DAQ IPN-Orsay, CSNSM-OrsayINFN-LNL,GANIL,IFJ-PAN-Crakow

24. AGAVA VME card IFJ-PAN,Kraków & INFN-Milano VME backplane connector GTS transceiver FPGA VIRTEX 2 Ethernet Optolink to GTS

25. Agava Interface Front Panel contains: • Inputs: • Trigger request (“external”) (NIM standard) • Back pressure (NIM standard) • Outputs: • Busy (NIM standard) • Local Trigger (NIM standard) • Rejection Trigger (NIM standard) • Validation Trigger (NIM standard) • Timeout (NIM standard) • Inspection_1 (NIM standard)  Data ready comes in Inspection lines • Inspection_2 (NIM standard) • Inspection_3 (NIM standard) • Inspection_4 (NIM standard) • Clock 100 MHz (LVDS) • Metronome and Shark link connectors • Ethernet and Optical Fiber Clock Access to the GTS Mezzanine card.

27. Implemented Firmware 12a Not Implemented

28. AGATA-Demonstrator PRISMA DAQ cycle(PRELIMINARY)

29. AGATA Crystal AGATA Crystal AGATA DAQ: NARVAL Root GUI for analysis Pre Processing Advanced Data Flow system developed in ADA NARVAL Producer Front End Electronics Pulse Shape Analysis RUN GUI Event Building NARVAL Producer Complementary detectors Tracking IPN-Orsay, CSNSM-OrsayINFN-LNL,GANIL,IFJ-PAN-Crakow, IPN-Lyon Consumer

30. AGATA and the complementary Detectors • AGATA has provided a way to intruduce complementary detectors in the Trigger and synchronization tree. The data are merged through the clock Tag or event number Tag. • Nevertheless fully Digital electronics is fundamental to gain from the full capabilities of the AGATA system regarding the almost full pipelined Electronics and DAQ and the high rate capabilities.