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Future Accelerator Projects

Future Accelerator Projects. Roy Aleksan Nobel Symposium May 13-17, 2013. The Frontiers of PP; what to do next ? Strategy Next Accelerator Technology C hallenges for PP Conclusion. m H ~ 125.5 GeV. High Precision Measurements Very High Energy Reach High Intensity n Beams.

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Future Accelerator Projects

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  1. Future Accelerator Projects Roy Aleksan Nobel Symposium May 13-17, 2013 • The Frontiers of PP; what to do next? • Strategy • Next Accelerator TechnologyChallenges for PP • Conclusion mH~ 125.5GeV High PrecisionMeasurements Very High EnergyReach High IntensitynBeams No direct sign of New Physics in range ~200 – 3000 GeVdepending on type of NP Bs’mm =(3.2 ±1.5)10-9 Q13 ~ 9°

  2. Questions Whatparametersshouldwemeasure for probing BSM physics and whatprecisonlevelsshouldweaimat? Whatenergyscaleshouldweaimatexploring to have a reasonable chance to find BSM physics? What neutrino beam (E and I) shouldweaimat building If wecannot do all of the above right away, whatis THE priority for the nextaccelerator

  3. Projectsdiscussed/mentioned in the talk High PrecisionMeasurements HL-LHC, LC(ILC/CLIC), TLEP, m-Coll, gg-coll Very High EnergyReach HE-LHC:VHE-LHC, CLIC, m-Coll High IntensitynBeams Multi-MW superBeam, n-Factories Projects not discussed in the talk Projectsalreadyapproved LHC@14TeV, SuperKEKB, T2K, NuMI…

  4. ElectroWeakSymmetryBreakingprecisionmeasurements With MH all parameters of SM are known! What do weneed to measurenow? *Assumingsystemaicalerrorsscales as statistical and theoreticalerrorsdivided by 2 compared to now **Sensibilitywith 2ab-1at 500 GeV (TESLA TDR) and needs to becomfirmed by on-going more detailedstudies

  5. Search of new particles Sensitivity on SUSY canbesignicantlyimproved … in particular for stop High energy and luminosity are necessary to probe the VLVLscattering and verifythatunitarityispreserved, thanks to the « Higgs » discovered A statisticalpresicion of 15% on the SM VBS contribution (i.e. VV+ 2 forward jets) canbeobtainedwith HL-LHC

  6. Strong R&D on these issues isnecessary • Verysubstantial programme a collaborative R&D needed • All thisworkis a first steptowardhigherenergy • Increase beam current a protect SC dipole (diffracted protons) 8T-15m (20 magnets) a 11T-2x5.5 m dipoles • Reduce beam size at IP a Larger aperture quads near IP Change Quadrupole Triplets a 140T/m, 150mm (13T, 8m) • Protect Electrical Distribution Feedbox’s (DFBX) a2100 kA ~500m HTS links • Improve and adjust the luminosity with beam overlap control a SC RF «Crab» Cavity, for p-beam rotation at fs level!

  7. Grand unification of Interactions (Strong, Weak, Electromagnetic) Additionnal particles (such as supersymmetric partners) with energy scales of TeVs affect the running of the coupling constants Need to explore higher energy regions (up to ~10 TeV)

  8. Whateverisfound or not, reachinghigherenergiesisunavoidable To search for new particles up to 10 TeV, very high energy (>50TeV) isnecessary To probe VLVLscatteringup to 10 TeVregion, very high energyisnecessary It willalsoallow more precise SM measurements Coutesy M. Mangano

  9. The detailedstudy of such a machine isneeded, including the complete injection chain (no major difficultiesexpected) • Strong R&D on these new very high fieldmagnetisnecessary • a collaborative R&D needed VHE VHE-LHC Or build (or reuse) a 80km tunnel to reach 80-100 TeV collisions VHE-LHC amore detailed study of such a tunnel needed Either using existing LEP/LHC tunnel to reach 26-32 TeV collisions In both cases, SC challenge to develop 16-20 Tesla magnets! Magnets for HL_LHC is an indispensible first step

  10. ElectroWeakSymmetryBreakingprecisionmeasurements Lepton collidersallows clean absolutemeasurements! At 240 GeV, sHZ~250 fb-1 • @Lepton colliders, couplingmeasurementswithprecisions: • in the range 1.5-4% LC • in the sub% levelwith TLEP Note: s (mm’H) @ 125GeV = ~20pb

  11. e+e- colliders «clean HIGGS FACTORIES»

  12. ILC Gradient Range Yield Gain ~30km 500GeV

  13. Some further ILC challenges • Achieving and maintaining nano beam size (sy =6-8nm) with 2x1010 e/bunch ATF2 operating since 2009 at KEK objective: 37nm @1.28 GeV February 2012 sy=166±7 nm Dec. 2012 sy=72±5 nm with low b-intensity (2x109e/bunch) • Strong R&D on these issues ison-going • Carried out by international collaborative • Several issues stillbeingaddressed • Proposalfrom the Japanesephysicscommunity • Realization of verylowemittancedamping rings with ultra fast kickers for extraction TIARA collaboration with SLS @PSI (<1pm @2.86 GeV) • Achieving the required positron rate photons from 150 GeVbeamthrough 150m of small-aperture SC undulator or 125 GeVbeamthrough 250 m of SC undulators • Industrialization of technologyatvery high scale XFEL =5% of ILC

  14. CLIC • Achievingvery high gradiant (100Mv/m) withlowenough breakdown rate (<10 -6) International collaboration around CFT3 @CERN Demonstratedwith a few cavities

  15. Some further CLIC challenges • Same type of difficulties as for ILC though more severe, e.g. • smallerbeam size (~1nm) • Shorterbunchlength (150ns) • Normalized y emittance ~20nm and itspreservation • Ultra precisealignment and magnetstabilization • Strong R&D on these issues ison-going • Developed by international collaborative • Somedifficulties are specific to CLIC, e.g. • Production of RF power • Stable deceleration of drive beam • And main beamacceleration Although a lot of progress have been achieved, still a lot of R&D needed to deliver a TDR

  16. TLEP Ring e+e- collider: Primary Cost Driver Tunnel: ~2/3 cost LEP/LHC Building on existing technologies and experience (LEP, KEKB, PEPII…) 80 km tunnel Using SC cavities Could cover a wide range of energy up to 350 Gev collision energy. Most parameters have been achieved or are plannedatSuperKEKB

  17. An important parameteris the power per unit of luminosity *Luminosity not corrected for peak1% factor

  18. Althoughbased on strongexperience in building circularcollider, several challenges have to beovercome: Beamstrahlung: aBeamlifetimereduction (should not bemuchsmallerthanbhabhascatteringlimits t>4 s at h=1.5% (4 IPs) t>50 s at h=2.0% t>6mn at h=2.5% t>27mn at h=3.0% • Ideaisrather new triggered by lowHiggs mass but based on long and mature experience in circularcolliders • superKEKBis a very effective technology test case • Promisingpossibilityaneed to set up a international study aNeed to study the energyacceptance of the collider (>2.5%) aoptic design ischallenging Explore synergies for aVery Large ColliderComplex e+e-, pp, ep? Bremstrahlung: aNeed to studyheat extraction and radiation damage and shielding issues t>10mn at superKEKB Top up ring: aNeed to study the injection system

  19. ElectroWeakSymmetryBreakingprecisionmeasurementsrequirevery high luminosity

  20. ElectroWeakSymmetryBreakingprecisionmeasurements

  21. Manyotheraccelerator R&D topics have not been discussedheree.g. e-p collider, ggcollider, mcollider, plasma acceleration… Theyshould not beforgotten… …but atpresenteither the physicsreachisdeemedlimited and/or lead time seemstoo long Proton-proton and electron-positron collidersappear as mostpromissing/practical options

  22. From neutrino superBeams toward n-factories Fast 5-10 GeV n,m Multi-MW SC cavities Goal: >1021 m/year stored • Do we have technology for multiMW proton driver ? ESS Indeed, see for example 5MW ~300K ~2 K

  23. The key issue : beamcooling • Do we have technology • for cooling the muons? Ionization cooling Demonstrator being constructed • Cooling section consists of 100 cells 0.75m in length (total length 75m) • 100 RF cavities (15MV/m) operating in high magnetic field • 100 superconducting 0.15m coils (2.8T) MICE @RAL • On-going R&D by international collaborative • Maintaining a Strong R&D on these issues is important • A projectlikenuStormisalso an interestingidea to testmuon storing and decays to n However, thanks to large q13 value, conventionalbeambased on high power proton beam (~1MW) canbeused

  24. From n-factories toward the “dream” of muon collider Require much smaller beam size (i.e. lower emittance) Very efficient cooling • Some ultra-challenging components: • Very high field solenoids (20-30T) • High gradient cavities in multi-Tesla field 1-2x104 H/Year If coolingdemonstrated!

  25. From e+e- Higgs factory to e-e-/gg collider s(H)=200fb • Main issues: • Laser withrequired power and rep. rate • Develop the IR and the Machine Detector Interface (MDI)

  26. Conclusion The last few years were very exciting Many teams have contributed to this success, they have to be warmly congratulated Thanks to this work, prospects for the Future looks very promising, with many new ideas emerging The European Strategy was an opportunity to bring these ideas on the table and provide further momentum toward our quest for understanding the fundamental laws of the Universe The Strategy is an important opportunity to open up a medium and long term ambitious vision and programmefor Particle Physics in Europe : Top priority in the Strategy Accelerator R&D is vital to enable the realization of our vision once we get the results of the LHC runs @ 13-14TeV and should remain at the highest priority within our strategy

  27. My Conclusion I have a Dream E=mc² Extended Multiprobe Collider Complex

  28. My Conclusion E=mc² TLEP : e+e-, up to √s ~350 GeV PSB PS (0.6 km) SPS (6.9 km) LHC (26.7 km) VHE-LHC : pp, √s ~ 100 TeV Including possibly ep collisions (CERN implementation

  29. My Conclusion • Ambitious milestones should be set up • CDR in 2 years • TDR in 5 years, in a timely fashion with an update of the European Strategy in 2017-18, after the first round of operation of the LHC@13-14 TeV A possible timeline should be discussed *tentative timeline;similartimelineapplies for LEP3/HE-LHC but installation requiresstopping LHC

  30. My Conclusion Indirect:MH=94.0 ± 1.5 Direct: MH=125.500 ±0.007 Actual MH TLEP Note: This is indicative, a carefulanalysisstill to becarried out

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