Correlates of Condom Utilization Among VCT Re-test Clients: Case: Riruta, Kenya.

2. Correlates of Condom Utilization Among VCT Re-test Clients: Case: Riruta, Kenya. 3rd African Conference On Sexual Health and Rights, 4 – 7 February , Abuja- Nigeria By: Reuben Mulwa

3. Presentation outline • Background to VCT in Kenya • Rationale • Methodology • Results • Conclusions/Recommendations

4. Liverpool VCT, Care & Treatment – Kenyan NGO • Strengthening Government and Partner response to HIV prevention, care & treatment • Training – 70% of Kenya’s 3,000 counsellors • QA for services & strengthening coordination • Scaling up HIV CT, care/ART, Post Rape Care services • Supported 400 of 944 (December 2007) VCT sites, provides MVCT & CBHCT • > 900,000 tested & received results • Services to vulnerable groups

5. What is entailed in the VCT process? • Pre-test counseling • Information giving • Condom discussion & demonstration • Risk assessment & reduction • Disclosure • Testing • Post test counseling • Risk reduction • Referral

6. Background/Rationale • Prevalence in Kenya is estimated at 5.1% (NACC 2007) • HIV and AIDS related deaths -85,000/year (NACC 2007) • New infections - 55,000 per year(NACC 2007) • 10 Million condoms 2005 (NASCOP 2005) • 0.5% were female condoms in the country (NASCOP 2005)

7. Methodology • A retrospective review of service delivery data collected Sept/Oct 2006 • 40 VCT retest clients • Data entered & analysed using SPSS • Outcome variables were: • Condom use discussion • Condom demonstration • Disclosure • Risk reduction

8. Methodology cont.. • Dependent variable • condom use last sex • Independent variables: • Selected personal attributes • Sex, age, education, marital status, occupation • Number of sexual partners • Information gained from VCT sessions • Condom use knowledge • Condom demonstration • Usefulness of session on condoms • Access to condoms

9. Results • Male 17 (42.5%) Female 23 (57.5%) • 16 (62.5%) female as compared to 10 (38.5%) male did not use condoms either of the condoms • Age: 21 (80.8%) ≤ 34 years Vs 5 (19.2%) ≥ 35 never used condoms (X2=0.27, CC =0.03 p=0.868) • Education: 22 (84.6%) H. education Vs 4 (15.4%) L. education (X2=0.152, CC =0.06 p=0.697) • Marital status: 27 (67.5%) not living with partners • 17 (65.4%) did not use condoms (X2=0.152, CC =0.06 p=0.697)

10. Results cont…. • 21 (52.5%) had skilled occupation • 10 (71.4%) of who used condoms had skilled occupation (X2=3.095, CC =0.79 p=0.697) • 34 (85%) had multiple sex partners • 22 (84.6%) of those who did not use condoms had multiple partners (X2=0.009, CC =0.2 p=0.926)

11. Results on Condom Specific Information • 28 (70%) had knowledge on how to use condoms • 14 (100%) used condoms last time they had sex (X2=9.231, CC =0.43 p=0.002) • 12 (30%) reported that condom use was not demonstrated last time they visited a VCT facility • 12 (100%) of these who did not use condoms last time they had sex (X2=9.231, CC =0.43 p=0.002)

12. Results Conti… • 26 (65%) did not use condoms last time they had sex • 23 (88.5%) who did not use condoms had found the session on condoms useful (X2=1.746, CC =0.205 p=0.19) • 38 (95%) had access to condoms • 25 (96.2%) of those who did not use condoms had access to condoms (X2=0.208, CC =0.07 p=0.648)

13. Conclusions/Recommendations • VCT clients need to be empowered to be able to negotiate for safer sex • Knowledge on correct condom use boost confidence resulting to their use • Need to understand why VCT retest clients get into repetitive risk behaviours

14. Thank you!!! Url: www. Liverpoolvct. org E-mail: robbie@liverpoolvct.org