100 likes | 223 Views
Backwards Design. PJ Methods EDUC 4454. "To begin with the end in mind means to start with a clear understanding of your destination. It means to know where you’re going so that you better understand where you are now so that the steps you take are always in the right direction."
E N D
Backwards Design PJ Methods EDUC 4454
"To begin with the end in mind means to start with a clear understanding of your destination. It means to know where you’re going so that you better understand where you are now so that the steps you take are always in the right direction." (Covey, 1994)
The Four Essential Questions • What shall we teach? • How shall we teach? • How can we organize it? • How can we assess?
Ralph Tyler shortens the above four questions to three which are described below.
The backward design model is comprised of the following steps: Identify desired results: What do students need to know? What overall expectations will be covered? Consider the “Big Ideas/Enduring Understandings” (building blocks for related learning; key learning that students will revisit throughout their school career)
Determine acceptable evidenceof learning? What culminating task, performance task etc. will allow students to demonstrate their understanding and proficiencies of the learning experience? Summative assessment. How will you know they learned it?
Plan instruction and learning experiences needed for students to be successful. Consider: -the specific expectations to be covered -the specific instructional strategies to be used -the specific tasks that will be completed -scaffolding learning opportunities for students to develop “enduring understandings -range of formative assessment strategies -specific recording devices
How will you communicate their learning? Consider: -feedback to the students -reporting and communicating with parents