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Countdown to the AP Exam. A+ webinar Debbie Anderson. Multiple Choice (Periodic Table). 75 Questions 90 min 1 minute per question Write on test –Underline key words, calculations, cross out answers No calculator: round, scientific notation X by questions no clue
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Countdown to the AP Exam A+ webinar Debbie Anderson
Multiple Choice(Periodic Table) • 75 Questions 90 min • 1 minute per question • Write on test –Underline key words, calculations, cross out answers • No calculator: round, scientific notation • X by questions no clue • O questions you could work with more time • Always re-work the 1st 5 questions • Erase completely • Look at all the answers • Questions; “Which of the following” , treat as T/F
Free Response(Tables and Formulas) • 55 min 3 problems (calculators) • Show calculations • Units, Units, Units • 40 min 4 (net ionics) 5 and 6 • Write clearly, Be Specific –Show train of thought assume nothing • Justify - Define • Vocabulary- atom, molecule, ion, solution Energy, force, strong- weak (not big or little)
Reviewing for AP ExAM • Critical to success-----3’s, 4’s, 5’s • Now it is time – • Coach the test • Scrimmage –practice on old tests • Cover tid-bits • Enhance self-esteem or build confidence • Review, reteach, reinforce
Tools • Mock exam • Multiple choice – Analysis of weaknesses • Free Response – Analysis of writing justifications • Old Tests (AP Central Website, NMSI) • 2 more multiple choice ( No calculator format) 2002, 2008 • 3-5 more Free Response • Saturday Review Sessions • Review Sheets (Tom Boyd) • Video segments – Demonstrations, labs, topics • Study Guide Books
Activities • Students presentations • Student mock reading • Student demos Goal- Students are Learning and Practicing Teachers do not re-teach. Lead student to learn, review, and connect. This builds confidence!
Bits and Pieces • Formal charge • Bond length and strength • Paramagnetic/Diamagnetic • Sigma and Pi Bonds ( organic) • Molar Mass? Grams/mole • Colligative properties • Electron/molecular geometry • Balancing nuclear equation – particles • Percent yield/percent error
Internal Energy E = q + w w = - nrt • Percent by mass • Mole fraction
Words to justify size ionization energy intramolecular bond strength intermolecular bond strength polarity of molecules solubility > 4 bonds bond angles Shifts in equilibrium K and Q • Moles for completions reactions ICE/ Molarity for equilibrium, kinetics, pH • Units and signs in Thermo
Connect the Units • Stoichiometry • Limiting reagent, percent yield • Three ways to get liters (density, Molarity, pv =nrt) • Thermo - Heat produced in reaction • Kinetics - instantaneous rate • Equilibrium –titrations
Mechanism • Thermochemistry • Kinetics • Electrochemistry • Equilibrium • Q Product Quotient • Equilibrium • Electrochemistry
Review Several Things at once • Butanoic acid • Draw lewis dot structure • Electron geometry • Molecular geometry • Intramolecular bonds • IMF • Polarity • Sigma and Pi bond • Bond strength • reactions
More • Colors • Barium sulfate • Silver chloride • Lead iodide • Mercury ll chloride • Manganese +7 • Manganese +2 • Chromium +6 • Chromium +3 • Flame test –potassium, sodium, calcium, lithium copper
Debbie’s tips • Intramolecular bonds (atom-atom) chemical change • Intermolecular bonds (molecular-molecular) physical change • Questions about atoms – first write electron configuration • Questions about molecules begin with lewis dot stuctures
FYI or TMI • Lone pairs are closer to nucleus forcing bond pairs closer together ( VSEPR) • Dispersion forces greater in larger molecules because of more electrons Polarizability(Bonding –physical changes) • Double bonds are shorter because of delocalized electrons in pi bonds yet more chemically reactive • Empty valence orbitals (Metal ion) • Acids undergo dissociation • Bases undergo hydrolysis • When drawing resonance use <-> between structures
Teaching tips continued • Crystals 4 types • Molecular (hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole, dispersion forces) • Ionic (size and magnitude of charge) • Metallic (size of ion) • Covalent network crystal Unit Cell (8 corners –lattice sites)=> crystal lattice Diamond (carbon-sp3- covalent network crystal Graphite (carbon –sp3, sp2- delocalized pi bonds holding layer together
Speed math • Formula box • Gibbs Free Energy • Nerst Equation • Modified HH for buffers • Multiple choice – round, think 1/2 or 1/4, use scientific notation when dividing by decimal
Final Note • Encourage, Encourage, Encourage • It is not too late • Special treats • Change the room around • AP students have tutoring for pre-AP’s Good Luck!!!!!!!!!!!