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The Human Skeletal System

The Human Skeletal System. Essential & Unit Questions TEKS Individual Activities Group Activities Did You Know? What are Bones Made of? Most Common Bones Protect Your Bones! Broken Bones… Sources. by Tara Cargile. Essential Question:

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The Human Skeletal System

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  1. The Human Skeletal System • Essential & Unit Questions • TEKS • Individual Activities • Group Activities • Did You Know? • What are Bones Made of? • Most Common Bones • Protect Your Bones! • Broken Bones… • Sources by Tara Cargile

  2. Essential Question: - What significant role does the skeleton play in the human body? Unit Questions: - How many bones are there in the human body? - What do bones do? - What would happen if we didn’t have bones? - Who looks at bones and what do they use? - What can we do to help our bones grow healthy and strong?

  3. TEKS – Grade 3 (2) Scientific Processes. The student uses scientific inquiry methods during field and laboratory investigations. The student is expected to: (A) plan and implement descriptive investigations including asking well- defined questions, formulating hypotheses, and selecting and using equipment and technology; (B) collect information by observing and measuring; (C) analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct and indirect evidence; (D) communicate valid conclusions; (5) Science Concepts. The student knows that systems exist in this world. The student is expected to: (A) observe and identify simple systems such as a sprouted seed and a wooden toy car; and (B) observe a simple system and describe the role of various parts such as a yo-yo and string. (5) Information acquisition. The student acquires electronic information in a variety of formats, with appropriate supervision. The student is expected to: (A) acquire information including text, audio, video, and graphics;

  4. Individual Activities • Students will identify bones, muscles and joints. They will explore the relations between these three through audio games and discussions. • Students will participate in an activity where they will create a skeleton in either a pull-out book or a large skeleton model. • Students will learn the names and locations of major bones by playing a game on the computer.

  5. Group Activities • The students will visit the eSkeletonsProject created by the University of Texas at Austin and compare and contrast the skeletons of two animal groups. • Invite a doctor or orthopedic specialist to visit the classroom.

  6. Did you know? • Bones are alive, growing and changing like the rest of your body! • A baby’s body has about 300 bones at birth • The adult human body has only 206 bones!

  7. What Are Bones Made Of? • Periosteum: the outer surface of the bone; a thin, dense membrane that contains nerves and blood vessels that nourish the bone! • Compact: this is the next layer; it is very smooth and very hard. It is the part you see when you look at a skeleton! • Cancellous: Many layers within the compact bone; these look like sponges! Not as hard as compact bone, but it is still very hard. • In many bones, the cancellous bone protects the innermost part of the bone, the bone marrow. It is sort of like a thick jelly, and its job is to make blood cells.

  8. What are some of the most recognized bones? • Skull • Ball & socket joint (shoulder) • Fixed joint (parieto—temporal) • Vertebra • Sternum • Rib • Humerous • Radius • Ulna • Pelvis • Femur • Hinge joint (knee) • Fibula • Tibia

  9. Be Kind to Your Bones and They Will Treat You Right! •  Protect those skull bones (and your brain inside!) by wearing a helmet for bike riding and other sports. •  When you use a skateboard, in-line skates, or a scooter, be sure to add wrist supports and elbow and knee pads. Your bones in these places will thank you if you have a fall! • If you play sports like football, soccer, lacrosse, or ice hockey, always wear all the right equipment. • Strengthen your skeleton by drinking milkand eating other dairy products (like low-fat cheese or frozen yogurt). They all contain calcium, which helps bones harden and become strong. • Be active! Another way to strengthen your bones is through exercise like running, jumping, dancing, and playing sports.

  10. What About Broken Bones? • When a bone breaks, it is called a fracture. • If you think you or someone else has broken a bone, the most important things to do are: • Stay calm • Make sure the person who is hurt is as comfortable as possible • Tell an adult • If there are no adults around, call 911 • Don’t move the bone; this can make the injury worse! • To treat the broken bone, the doctor will take an x-ray (a map of the bone), then usually they will put on a cast, a special bandage that will keep the bone in place for a few months until the bone heals.

  11. Sources: • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/anatomy/skeleton/Skelprintout.shtml • http://yucky.discovery.com/noflash/body/pg000124.html • http://www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/HumanBody/BodyBones.htm • http://www.eskeletons.org/ • http://www.macomb.k12.mi.us/EASTDET/Plans/EL-sci-phyed.htm • http://www.lessonplanspage.com/SciencePEDemBonesNamingGameLesson45.htm

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