HISTORY

1. HISTORY The Role of Athletic Trainers

2. What is Sports Medicine? GOALS • Know who we are & what we do • Know what areas we work in • Know the sports medicine team

3. What is Sports Medicine? • The areas of specialization under the umbrella of Sports Medicine is broken into two parts – Performance Enhancement and Injury Care and Management.

4. What is Sports Medicine? • Performance enhancement • Exercise Physiology • Biomechanics • Sports Psychology • Sports Nutrition • Strength and Conditioning • Coaching • Personal Fitness Trainers

5. Sports Medicine • Injury Care and Management • Practice of Medicine (physician) • Athletic Training • Sports Physical Therapy • Sports Massage Therapy • Sports Dentistry • Osteopathic Medicine • Orthotists/Prosthetists • Sports Chiropractic • Sports Podiatry

6. What is Sports Medicine?

7. What is Athletic Training? • NATA – founded in 1950 • Governing board • Recognizing the need for a set of professional standards and appropriate professional recognition, the NATA has helped to unify certified athletic trainers across the country by setting a standard for professionalism, education, certification, research and practice settings. • The NATA is headquartered in Indianapolis, IN.  The association has expanded to encompass a global membership totaling over 32,000 and 25 countries. • Advisory Board of Athletic Trainers • Texas governing board • http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/at/default.shtm

9. What is Sports Medicine? Other Organizations: Recognized by the AMA (American Medical Assoc.) • ACSM – American College of Sports Medicine • AOSSM – American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine • APTA – American Physical Therapy Association • NSCA – National Strength and Conditioning Association

10. Athletic Training job market Job Market – • Secondary Schools • College/Universities • Olympic sports – winter & Summer • Professional sports • Football, Basketball, Baseball, Hockey, Soccer • NASCAR, X Games, • Golf, Tennis, Rodeo • Clinics • PT and Physician extenders • Industrial/corporate settings • Military • Department of Homeland Security • Performing Arts

11. Board Certification Domains of Athletic Training • In 2004 the Board of Certification – which covers many health fields -finished a role delineation study that identified six roles that the athletic trainer covers.

12. Board Certification Domains of Athletic Training 6 Performance domains of athletic training • Prevention of athletic injuries • Clinical evaluation and assessment • Immediate Care • Treatment, rehabilitation, and reconditioning • Organization and administration • Professional development and responsibility

13. Domain 1:Prevention • Physical exams • Developing training and conditioning programs • Ensuring safe environment, • Selecting/fitting/maintaining protective equipment • Consulting and guidance with diet and lifestyle choices • using medications appropriately.

14. Domain 2:Clinical Evaluation & Diagnosis • Evaluation • Medical history • Observation • Palpation • ROM and strength test • Special tests, joint stability tests • Understanding the pathology of injury and illness • referral to appropriate medical care • Referring to support services

15. Domain 3:Immediate Care • Responsible for on-field evaluation • Must have sound skills for initial recognition of potential serious injuries and/or illnesses • Responsible for correct decision for proper acute injury management • Must have skills to take care of emergency care

16. Domain 4:Treatment, Rehabilitation, and Reconditioning • Designing rehabilitation programs • Must have sound knowledge in anatomy to help evaluate the injury correctly and build the proper program. • Supervising rehabilitation programs • Must have a very good understanding of the healing process of the many tissues in the body. • Incorporating therapeutic modalities • Offering psychosocial intervention • Must have a good understanding of psychology • Athletes go through a wide range of emotions during and after an injury. • Athletes have different pain thresholds, cooperation, motivations

17. Domain 5:Organization & Administration • Record keeping • Pre-participation physicals and Emergency cards • Injury reports • Treatment and Rehabilitation reports • Insurance • Ordering supplies and equipment • Supervising assistants and students • Establishing policies • Student athletic trainer policies • Day to day operations • Emergency management

18. Domain 6:Professional responsibilities • Continuing education • Always learning – never know enough • Counselor • Informing parents of injuries • Prevention education • Researcher • Research helps us do our job better – many colleges hire athletic trainers to do research. • Most if not all decisions we make for our athletes is done off evidence-based medicine • We have supported literature to help base our decisions

19. Qualities an AT must possess - stamina - difficult job - long hours - ability to adapt - practice schedules, game changes - environment - empathy - the capacity to enter into the feeling or spirit of another person. - sense of humor - helps lighten mood in tense situations - help relieve stress - ranked most important by patients - ability to communicate - good communication skills key in dealing with many types of entities – parents, coaches, administrators, athletes - intellectual curiosity - always learning – there is always something new out there or a better way to do something - ethics - must always act with the highest standards

20. The Sports Medicine Team Urologist Cardiologist Coach Team Dentist Allergist Athletic Trainer Physical Therapist Neurologist Athlete RegisteredDietitian Equipment Manager Team Physician Primary Care Physician Podiatrist Parent Chiropractor Urologist

21. National Athletic Training Certification - Requirements • College students must enter a program that is CAATE certified. • 18 programs in Texas (16 undergraduate, 2 entry-level master) • TCU, UTA, UT, TTU, Baylor, Texas State to name a few • Website for CAATE http://www.caate.net/

22. CAATE programs • 12 area that you will master by the time you graduate • Risk management and injury prevention • Pathology of injuries and illnesses • Orthopedic clinical examination and diagnoses • Medical conditions and disabilities • Acute care of injuries and illnesses • Therapeutic modalities • Conditioning and rehabilitative exercise • Pharmacology • Psychosocial intervention and referral • Nutritional aspects of injuries and illnesses • Health care administration • Professional development and responsibility

23. Certification • Complete CAATE program • Proof of graduation from school • Endorsement from CAATE program • CPR/first aid certified • Pass certification test

24. State Licensure • 45 states have some type of licensure, registration, certification at the state level to protect athletic trainers. • 32 states have licensure • Licensure the most restrictive (which is good) • For licensure you must meet a minimum level of requirements to work in the state or you cannot practice as an athletic trainer • Some use there own test; some use the BOC test • Texas has there own test • Passing test does not allow you to work outside the state of Texas

25. Review/Clinical application exercises • An athletic trainer has taken a job working in a sports medicine clinic that has four physical therapists and two PTA’s. The clinic has never employed an AT before, and there is uncertainty among the PT’s as to exactly the role the athletic trainer will play in the function of the clinic • How does the role of the athletic trainer working in a clinic differ from the responsibilities of the athletic trainer working in a university or secondary setting?

26. Clinical application exercise #2 • A high school is looking into hiring there first athletic trainer. However the administrators do not completely understand why an athletic trainer may be more beneficial for their athletes than an EMT. • What reasons should the local athletic trainers use to persuade the administrators to hire one at their school?

27. Clinical application exercise #3 • A basketball player suffers a grade 2 ankle sprain – after 3 weeks of rehab most of the pain and swelling has been eliminated. The athlete is anxious to get back and subsequent injuries to teammates have placed pressure on the coach to want the player back quickly. Unfortunately the player is still unable to perform basketball skills, cutting and jumping. • Who is responsible for making the decision regarding when the athlete can fully return to practice and game situations?

28. Clinical application exercise #4 • A young athletic trainer has just taken their first job at a high school, the school administrators are concerned about the number of athletes who get hurt playing various sports. They have charged the athletic trainer with the task of developing a program that can effectively help prevent of injury to athletes in all sports at the school. • What actions can the athletic trainer take to reduce the number of injuries and to minimize the risk of injury in competitive athletes at the school?

29. Clinical application exercise #5 • A second semester college sophomore has decided that she is interested in becoming a certified athletic trainer. She happens to attend a school that has an advanced level athletic training but not a entry level program. • How can this student effectively achieve her goal of becoming a certified athletic trainer?

30. Clinical application exercise #6 • A certified athletic trainer moves to a different state to take a new job. She discovers that in that state the ATC must be licensed to practice athletic training. • Since she was registered as an athletic trainer in the other state she wonders if she must go through the process of getting a license in her new state?