1 / 44

A 60-GHz CMOS Direct-Conversion Wireless Transceiver

Ryo Minami Advisor: Kenichi Okada Co-Advisor: Akira Matsuzawa Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan . A 60-GHz CMOS Direct-Conversion Wireless Transceiver. Outline. Motivation RF Front-end 60GHz injection-locked oscillator(ILO) with 20GHz phase lock loop(PLL) 60GHz transmitter(Tx)

orrin
Download Presentation

A 60-GHz CMOS Direct-Conversion Wireless Transceiver

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ryo Minami Advisor: Kenichi Okada Co-Advisor: Akira Matsuzawa Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan A 60-GHz CMOS Direct-Conversion Wireless Transceiver

  2. Outline • Motivation • RF Front-end • 60GHz injection-locked oscillator(ILO) with 20GHz phase lock loop(PLL) • 60GHz transmitter(Tx) • 60GHz receiver(Rx) • Measurement and Comparison • Conclusion

  3. Outline • Motivation • RF Front-end • 60GHz injection-locked oscillator(ILO) with 20GHz phase lock loop(PLL) • 60GHz transmitter(Tx) • 60GHz receiver(Rx) • Measurement and Comparison • Conclusion

  4. Motivation • 60GHz CMOS direct-conversion transceiver for multi-Gbps wireless communication IEEE 802.11ad specification • 57.24GHz- 65.88GHz • 2.16GHz/ch x 4channels • QPSK  3.5Gbps/ch • 16QAM  7Gbps/ch

  5. Challenges for mmW Transceivers • Target • a low-power direct-conversion RF front-end with 4-channel coverage • very low phase noise • Design complexity • 2.4GHz vs 60GHz (25x) • 20MHz-BW vs 2.16GHz-BW (108x)

  6. Phase Noise Requirement For 16QAM direct-conversion, -90dBc/Hz@60GHz is required. D Required CNR [dB] 16QAM AM-AM of PA QPSK Phase noise [dBc/Hz] @ 1MHz offset

  7. LO Topologies 1 • 60GHz QVCO[1] • Low Q for capacitors • 30GHz push-push VCO[2] • 2nd harmonic • 90 degree hybrid Poor Phase Noise 90 degree hybrid • I/Q mismatch [1] K. Scheir, et al., ISSCC 2009 [2] C. Marcu, et al., ISSCC 2009

  8. Proposed Topology • 20GHz PLL + 60GHz Quadrature Injection Locked Oscillator • Good tradeoff between phase noise & tuning range • Target : 20dB improvement of phase noise

  9. Outline • Motivation • RF Front-end • 60GHz injection-locked oscillator(ILO) with 20GHz phase lock loop(PLL) • 60GHz transmitter(Tx) • 60GHz receiver(Rx) • Measurement and Comparison • Conclusion

  10. Block Diagram • Tx : 4-stage PA, Active mixer, • Rx : 4-stage LNA, Passive mixer • LO : 60GHz ILO, 20GHz PLL

  11. 60GHz Quadrature LO 4 CML (27,28,29,30) 5 36MHz ref. 20GHz PLL 60GHz QILO PFD CP LPF 19.44GHz 20.16GHz 20.88GHz 21.60GHz Q I 58.32GHz 60.48GHz 62.64GHz 64.80GHz • Wide frequency tuning range • Phase noise improvement by injection locking

  12. Quadrature Injection Locked Osc. 20GHz 20GHz • 60GHz QILO works as a tripler with 20GHz PLL. • Full 4-channel coverage is realized with < -95dBc/Hz@1MHz-offset.

  13. Phase noise -95dBc/Hz@1MHz-offset has been realized in all channels. Ch1: 58.32[GHz] Ch2: 60.48[GHz] Ch3: 62.64[GHz] Ch4: 64.80[GHz]

  14. Performance comparison（60GHz PLL） [1] K. Scheir, et al., ISSCC 2009 [2] C. Marcu, et al., ISSCC 2009

  15. Tx Blocks 4-stage PA MIM TL to antenna Up-conversion mixer from BB I/Q capacitive cross-coupling [3] from LO [3] W. Chan, et al., JSSC 2008

  16. Rx Blocks 4-stage CS-CS LNA ESD protection from antenna 1mm x40 2mm x20 2mm x20 W=1mm x40 Down-conversion mixer from LO Parallel-line trans. to BB I/Q

  17. Outline • Motivation • RF Front-end • 60GHz injection-locked oscillator(ILO) with 20GHz phase lock loop(PLL) • 60GHz transmitter(Tx) • 60GHz receiver(Rx) • Measurement and Comparison • Conclusion

  18. Die Photo LNA 65nm CMOS Tx:1.96mm2 Rx:1.77mm2 PLL:1.37mm2 Logic:0.38mm2

  19. RF Measurement Setup with VSA 89600 DC supply Rx I/Q output (Rx) 6-dBi antenna I/Q input (Tx) Tx 16.3mm x 14.4mm DC supply [4] R. Suga, et al., EuMC 2011

  20. 7.0Gb/s 16QAM (max 10Gb/s) *The roll-off factor is 0.25. The bandwidth is 2.16GHz except for Max rate. **EVM through Tx and Rx boards. ***Maximum distance within a BER of 10-3. The 6-dBi antenna in the package is used.

  21. Performance Comparison [5] V. Vidojkovic,et al., ISSCC 2012 [6] A. Siligaris, et al., ISSCC 2011 [7] S. Emami,et al., ISSCC 2011

  22. Performance Comparison QPSK+16QAM Tokyo Tech all oscillators inc. QPSK+16QAM 16QAM Univ. of Toronto IMEC SiBeam, CEA-LETI UCB NEC OOK FSK OOK Toshiba

  23. Outline • Motivation • RF Front-end • 60GHz injection-locked oscillator(ILO) with 20GHz phase lock loop(PLL) • 60GHz transmitter(Tx) • 60GHz receiver(Rx) • Measurement and Comparison • Conclusion

  24. Summary and Conclusion • A 60-GHz direct-conversion wireless transceiver is implemented using CMOS 65nm process. • Excellent phase noise has been realized in full 4-channels. • The first complete transceiver covering full 4 channels with 16QAM. • Max 10Gbps data rate has been realized. • A high-speed low-power mmW transceiver has been realized.

  25. Thank you for your attention.

  26. Backup slides

  27. 60GHz Quadrature LO Scenario • 60GHz quadrature PLL • Phase noise degradation e.g.-75dBc/Hz@1MHz-offset at 60GHz [1] • 60GHz PLL with 90o hybrid [2] • I/Q mismatch • 60GHz quadrature ILO with 20GHz PLL[This work] • ILO: Injection-locked oscillator • Very wide tuning • Excellent phase noise [1] K. Scheir, et al., ISSCC 2009 [2] C. Marcu, et al., ISSCC 2009

  28. Schematic of QILO • I-Q coupling with tail transistor • Half side injection varactor

  29. back-to-backlayout • I-Q coupling path • coventional：40umthis work：8um • reduction of parasitic component • Low I-Q mismatch 85um 180um Die photo of QILO Schematic

  30. Layout of ILO

  31. Injection Locked Oscillator（ILO） Pulling of VCOs Injection Lock Free-run: 60.1GHz→Locked: 60GHz n=1,2,3… Phase noise is determined by following equation[12]. [12] X. Zhang, TMTT 1992

  32. Measured Model MIM Transmission Line • De-coupling use • Modeling accuracy • Avoiding self-resonance of parallel-plate capacitors MIM capacitor MIM transmission line Z0 [Ohm] 50W transmission line Frequency [GHz] T. Suzuki, et al., ISSCC 2008

  33. RF Performance Summary

  34. Measured Rx SNR 16QAM(17dB) QPSK(10dB)

  35. Link Budget

  36. Mixer Layout (Core) • Mixer core excluding intersection • LO line and RF line cross in matching network • Mixer core including intersection • bad symmetrical property RF+ RF+ LO+ LO- LO+ Asymmetric core Symmetric core LO- RF- RF-

  37. Symmetric Core Layout • Symmetric core needs crossed and complicated matching network. RF+ IF+ IF- RF- LO- LO+

  38. Asymmetric Core Layout • Asymmetric core can realize simple matching network. IF+ IF- RF+ LO+ LO- RF-

  39. I/Q Mismatch by Mixer Layout • Sideband Rejection Ratio (SRR)

  40. Performance Comparison [5] V. Vidojkovic,et al., ISSCC 2012 [6] A. Siligaris, et al., ISSCC 2011 [7] S. Emami,et al., ISSCC 2011

  41. Performance Comparison [5] V. Vidojkovic,et al., ISSCC 2012 [6] A. Siligaris, et al., ISSCC 2011 [7] S. Emami,et al., ISSCC 2011

  42. Performance Comparison [5] V. Vidojkovic,et al., ISSCC 2012 [6] A. Siligaris, et al., ISSCC 2011 [7] S. Emami,et al., ISSCC 2011

  43. Challenges for 60GHz Transceivers • Direct-conversion full CMOS integration • 16QAM/8PSK/QPSK/BPSK support for IEEE802.15.3c, WiGig, Wireless HD, etc. • 60GHz quadrature LO • Low phase noise for 16QAM • Wide frequency tuning (58-to-65GHz) • I/Q phase balance • 60GHz LNA • Low NF & High linearity • Wide bandwidth (gain flatness) • 60GHz PA • 10dBm output • High PAE (>10%)

  44. Injection-LockedOscillator Previous work [3] This work 20GHz 20GHz PPF Dq I Q I Q 3Dq 60GHz 60GHz I/Q mismatch Single-side injection - Small I/Q mismatch - The same locking range PPF:polyphase filter [3] W. Chan, el al., ISSCC 2008

More Related