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Multiple Allele Traits

Multiple Allele Traits. Some traits are determined by more than two different alleles. Some traits have multiple alleles, but an individual will only inherit two of the alleles . Examples include hair color in rabbits and blood types in humans.

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Multiple Allele Traits

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  1. Multiple Allele Traits Some traits are determined by more than two different alleles. Some traits have multiple alleles, but an individual will only inherit two of the alleles. Examples include hair color in rabbits and blood types in humans.

  2. Trait = Blood Type Alleles = IA, IB, i Phenotypes Type A Type B Type AB Type O Genotypes IAIA or IAi

  3. Trait = Blood Type Alleles = IA, IB, i Phenotypes Type A Type B Type AB Type O Genotypes IAIA or IAi IBIBor IBi

  4. Trait = Blood Type Alleles = IA, IB, i Phenotypes Type A Type B Type AB Type O Genotypes IAIA or IAi IBIB or IBi IA IB(co-dominance)

  5. Trait = Blood Type Alleles = IA, IB, i Phenotypes Type A Type B Type AB Type O Genotypes IAIA or IAi IBIB or IBi IA IB(co-dominance) ii

  6. Homozygous A = IAIA Heterozygous A = IAi Homozygous B = IBIB Heterozygous B = IBi IAIB ii

  7. Sample Problem #1 Mom = Homozygous for A type. Dad = Heterozygous for B type. X Type A = ____% Type B = ____% Type AB = ____% Type O = ____%

  8. Sample Problem #1 (ANSWER) Mom = Homozygous for A type. Dad = Heterozygous for B type. X Type A = ____% Type B = ____% Type AB = ____% Type O = ____% IAIA IBi IAIA IB i

  9. Sample Problem #1 (ANSWER) Mom = Homozygous for A type. Dad = Heterozygous for B type. X Type A = 2/4 =____% Type B = ____% Type AB = 2/4 =____% Type O = ____% IAIA IBi 50 IAIA 0 IB i IA IB IA IB 50 IAi IAi 0

  10. Sample Problem #2 2. Mom = Type O. Dad = Type AB. X Type A = ____% Type B = ____% Type AB = ____% Type O = ____%

  11. Sample Problem #2 (ANSWER) 2. Mom = Type O. Dad = Type AB. X Type A = ____% Type B = ____% Type AB = ____% Type O = ____% ii IA IB 50 IA IB 50 i i IAi IBi 0 0 IAi IBi

  12. Sample Problem #3 3. Mom = Type AB. Dad = Type AB. X Type A = ____% Type B = ____% Type AB = ____% Type O = ____%

  13. Sample Problem #3 (ANSWER) 3. Mom = Type AB. Dad = Type AB. X Type A = ____% Type B = ____% Type AB = ____% Type O = ____% IA IB IA IB 25 IA IB 25 IA IB IAIA IA IB 50 IA IB IB IB 0

  14. 4. If a woman with type A blood has a baby with type AB, could a man with O type blood be the father? 5. What could be the possible genotypes of the father in #4? 6. A child with O type blood could have parents with all types of blood EXCEPT _________.

  15. 7. Which blood type is known as the universal donor? 8. Which blood type is know at the universal recipient? 9. A person with A type blood can receive which blood types?

  16. Dihybrid Cross • A dihybrid is an individual that is heterozygous (Tt) for TWO traits • Brown hair (B) is dominant over blonde hair (b) and green eyes (G) is dominant over blue eyes (g), then the genotype of an individual that is heterozygous (hybrid) for BOTH traits (dihybrid) would be “BbGg”. BbGg (mom) X BbGg (dad)

  17. Dihybrid Cross • In order to do a cross between the dihybrids, you must first determine what combination of alleles can be in the gametes. B b G g(mom) X B b G g(dad) First = ____ Outer = ____Inner = ____ Last = ____ First = ____ Outer = ____ Inner = ____ Last = ____

  18. Dihybrid Cross • In order to do a cross between the dihybrids, you must first determine what combination of alleles can be in the gametes(eggs & sperm) B b G g(mom) X B b G g(dad) First = BG Outer = BgInner = bG Last = bg First = BG Outer = Bg Inner = bG Last = bg

  19. Dihybrid Cross *Important: You can only have ONE allele for each trait in each gamete. So, you can only have ONE “B” and ONE “G” in each gamete. Since both parents have the same genotype (BbGg), the alleles in their gametes will be the same for both. Once you have determined what the different combinations of alleles is, put them on the Punnett square.

  20. B G B g b G b g B G B g b G bg

  21. Possible Phenotypes# of Individuals Brown hair (dom) & Green eyes (dom) = __ Brown hair (dom) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Green eyes (dom) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Blue eyes (rec) = __

  22. Possible Phenotypes# of Individuals Brown hair (dom) & Green eyes (dom) = _ Brown hair (dom) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Green eyes (dom) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ 9

  23. Possible Phenotypes# of Individuals Brown hair (dom) & Green eyes (dom) = _ Brown hair (dom) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Green eyes (dom) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ 9 3

  24. Possible Phenotypes# of Individuals Brown hair (dom) & Green eyes (dom) = _ Brown hair (dom) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Green eyes (dom) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ 9 3 3

  25. Possible Phenotypes# of Individuals Brown hair (dom) & Green eyes (dom) = _ Brown hair (dom) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Green eyes (dom) = __ Blonde hair (rec) & Blue eyes (rec) = __ 9 3 3 1

  26. Bottom line is…..any time you do a cross between two organisms that are dihybrids…no matter what the traits are, the phenotypic ration will ALWAYS be 9 : 3 : 3 :_1_

  27. B G B g b G b g BB GG BB Gg Bb GG Bb Gg B G Bb gg Bb Gg BB Gg BB gg B g b G Bb GG bb Gg bb GG Bb Gg bg Bb Gg Bb gg bb gg bb Gg

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