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Where Are Contemporary Services Located?

Where Are Contemporary Services Located? . Chapter 12.2 . Services in Rural Settlements . Clustered Rural Settlement: a place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings

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Where Are Contemporary Services Located?

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  1. Where Are Contemporary Services Located? Chapter 12.2

  2. Services in Rural Settlements • Clustered Rural Settlement: a place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings • Disposed Rural Settlement: North American rural landscape; farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors

  3. Clustered Rural Settlements • Modern day known as a hamlet or village: Homes, barns, tool sheds, religious structures schools, and shops • Land ownership: • Individual farmers own or rent land • Land owned collectively by settlement/ lord and farmers have no choice over crop • Often arranged in two types of patterns: • Circular • Linear

  4. Circular Rural Settlement • Central open space surrounded by structures • Kraal in southern Africa

  5. Linear Rural Settlements • Buildings along a road, river, or dike with fields in a long, narrow strip behind

  6. Reasons for Clustered Settlements in Colonial New England • English gov granted land to colonists • Common cultural and religious values • Defense against Indian attacks

  7. Dispersed Rural Settlements Great Britain: • Clustered to dispersed to improve agricultural production • Enclosure Movement: consolidation, sometime forcibly, of farms to make one large farm • Happened along industrial revolution • Farmers who lost farms moved to the cities • Village populations decreased United States: • Outside of New England; common in Middle Atlantic colonies • Heterogeneous population, arrived individually • Increased population forced clustered settlements to migrate • Cultural bonds were weakened

  8. Services in Urban Settlements • Louis Wirth: urban dwellers and rural dwellers have different ways of life. • City is a permanent settlement with a: • Large size • High population density • Socially heterogeneous people

  9. Large Size Urban: • Know only a small % • Contractual relationships Rural: • Many know other inhabitants • May be related to many

  10. High Density • Encourages people to compete for survival in limited space • Must have a specialized skill • Social groups compete to occupy the same territory

  11. Social Heterogeneity

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