Fields of study that study drugs can include :

1. Fields of study that study drugs can include: • Pharmacology - • the science or study of drugs, their • preparation, properties uses and effects

2. Fields of study that study drugs can include: • Pharmacology - • Pharmacy – the art and science of • preparing and science of preparing and • dispensing drugs and medicine

3. Fields of study that study drugs can include: • Pharmacology - • Pharmacy - • Psychopharmacology - • study of the effects of drugs on behavior

4. Our history with drug use When did it all begin?

6. How would you define the term “drug”?

7. WHO Definition • "any chemical entity or mixture of entities other than those required for the maintenance of normal health (like food) that alters biological function and/or structure”.

8. Psychoactive Drugs • any chemical entity or mixture of entities other than those required for the maintenance of normal health (like food) that alters behavior (ie alters nervous system function)

9. Is caffeine a drug? • Can it be abused?

11. Possible Considerations • According to behavioral effects? • According to pharmacological effects? • Effects on Society? • Chemical Make-up? • legal vs illicit?

12. Ways that Drugs are Categorized • Origin • opiate drugs derived from poppy plant • opium, morphine, codeine • Mechanism of Action • similarity of how they work • alcohol, other sedative-hypnotics • only problem - still learning how many drugs work

13. Ways that Drugs are Categorized (2) • Therapeutic Use • why the drug is taken • pain killers, antidepressants, etc. • Site of Action • where do they produce their effects • ex. Alcohol’s effects on CNS; • limited since drugs have multiple effects

14. Ways that Drugs are Categorized (3) • Chemical Structures • benzodiazepenes • Street Name • uppers; downers, etc

15. chemical structure chemical name - N-(-4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide

16. generic name or nonproprietary name acetaminophen - can be useful sometimes because they give clue to the nature of the drug ex. bz, local anesthetics ** textbooks, scientific discussions of drug use generic name

17. Ways that Drugs are Categorized (3) • Chemical Structures • benzodiazepenes • Street Name • uppers; downers, etc

18. Some general statements • Drugs are not “good” or “bad” • Every drug has multiple effects • The effects of a drug depends on the amount of drug taken (a relationship exists). • The effect of any psychoactive drug depends on the individual’s history and/or expectations (among other things).

19. Each individual’s definition and belief about drugs and drug abuse tends to be limited by their own previous history, experiences, etc...

20. Each individual’s definition and belief about drugs and drug abuse tends to be limited by their own previous history, experiences, etc... Recall events in your life that influenced how you look at drugs -

21. Each individual’s definition and belief about drugs and drug abuse tends to be limited by their own previous history, experiences, etc... Recall events in your life that influenced how you look at drugs - What were the most important factors influencing your perception of drugs?

22. Some basic info for me • Your name (what you would like to be called) 2. Current status (fresh, soph, jr, sr) 3. Specific topics of interest (related to this course) 4. Email address • Previous bio experience • Do you have the latest powerpoint (ppt or pptx extension)?