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Bell Ringer 2/13/14

Bell Ringer 2/13/14. Map Skills page 327. Bell Ringer 2/14/14. Why were some Roman politicians afraid of the urban poor?. Illustrated Notes. Draw your notes based on what we read on the slide

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Bell Ringer 2/13/14

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  1. Bell Ringer 2/13/14 • Map Skills page 327

  2. Bell Ringer 2/14/14 • Why were some Roman politicians afraid of the urban poor?

  3. Illustrated Notes • Draw your notes based on what we read on the slide • These notes should help you understand the information without having to write the notes word for word • You may have to write a few words to explain what the picture is tell you • Label people, places, or things you draw

  4. Punic Wars • Rome vs. Carthage • Hannibal – Carthage’s general • Punic Wars • Marched over the Alps from Spain Italy to attack Rome • Rome was nearly destroyed but did win the war • Rome still feared Carthage could attack again • They attacked Carthage; burned and looted the city • They also sent the people into slavery

  5. Growing Pains • Roman magistrates stole, looted, broke laws, and used violence to keep power late in the Roman republic • The Roman government stopped working • Rome grew richer, buying slaves to do the work of the poor Roman’s • Tenant farmers lost their livelihood and many poor people went to the city to find work

  6. Growing Pains continues • Reforms for the Poor • Fearing riots, Rome gave out free grain to keep peace • Politicians supported them because they needed them to win offices • The traditional elites did not like the reforms • Reforming the Army • Gaius Marius allowed poor citizens to join the military, forcing the government to pay for their equipment. • This made the army larger and more professional • It gave the poor careers in military and when they retired they were given land to work

  7. From Republic to Empire • Military commanders turned their armies against their rivals and the senate • Leading to civil war – war between groups from same country

  8. Marius and Sulla • The assembly took Sulla’s position away giving it to Marius • Sulla marched his troops on Rome, fought a civil war with Marius and took his command back by force • Sulla ruled as a dictator for more than a year before retiring

  9. Pompey and Caesar • Gnaeus Pompey and Gaius Julius Caesar teamed up and used influence to run the government • Ignored laws and customs • Later they fought • The senate sided with Pompey ordering Caesar to give up his troops • But they were loyal to him and marched into Italy and defeated Pompey and the senate in a civil war • Caesar took over Rome and became dictator for life • Was murdered by angry senators

  10. End of the Republic • Civil war continued after Caesar’s death until the republic collapsed. • Octavian became the leader • Defeating Caesar’s murderers in a civil war • Defeated Mark Anthony and Cleopatra (Egyptian queen) • His victories lead to a monarchy – the Roman empire and him becoming it’s first leader

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