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Secondary Aluminum Production Industry Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) Training 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart RRR.
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Secondary AluminumProduction Industry Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) Training 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart RRR
Secondary aluminum plants recover aluminum from scrap such as beverage cans, foundry returns, other aluminum scrap, and dross. Air toxics are released from preprocessing operations
such asaluminum scrap shredding, thermal chip drying, scrap drying/decoating/ delacquering; and furnace operations (i.e., melting, holding, refining, fluxing, or alloying).
Secondary Aluminum Production Facility Any establishment using clean charge, post-consumer aluminum scrap, aluminum ingots, aluminum foundry returns, dross from
aluminum production, or molten aluminum as the raw material and performing one or more of the following processes:
Scrap shredding Scrap drying/delacquering/decoating Thermal chip drying Furnace operations In-line fluxing Dross cooling
Secondary Aluminum Sectors • Secondary aluminum companies • Sweat furnace operators • May include die casters & foundries
Estimated Number of Secondary Aluminum Sources Potentially Affected • Approximately 400 (86 major) • 320 die casting companies • 1500 foundries • 1650 sweat furnaces
Types of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP’s) Emitted • Organic HAP’s (e.g. benzene, styrene, dioxins, and furans)
Inorganic gaseous HAP’s (e.g. hydrogen chloride, hydrogen flouride, and chlorine) • Particulate HAP metals (e.g. arsenic, lead, and chromium)
History of Secondary Aluminum Production National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) • NESHAP was proposed, 2/11/99
History Cont’d.: • Final rule was promulgated, 3/23/00 • Direct final rule; amendments, 6/14/02 • Final rule; amendments, 9/24/02 • Final rule amendments 12/30/03
Regulated Entities under Current Rule • Facilities that perform secondary smelting and alloying of aluminum
Secondary aluminum production facility affected sources collocated at: • Aluminum sheet, plate, and foil manufacturing facilities • Aluminum extruded product manufacturing facilities
Other aluminum rolling and drawing facilities • Primary aluminum production facilities • Aluminum die casting facilities • Aluminum foundry facilities
Regulated HAPs • Particulate matter emissions (PM) (surrogate for HAP metals) • Total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions - surrogate for HAP organics)
Hydrogen chloride (HCl) emissions - a HAP and a surrogate for inorganic HAP’s including hydrogen fluoride (HF) and chlorine (Cl2)
Dioxin and furan emissions at secondary aluminum production facilities that are major or area sources
Projected Environmental Benefits • Reduce HAP emissions by about 12,420 tons/year, a 70% reduction from current levels • Reduce HCl emissions by 12,370 tons/year, a 73% reduction
Projected Environmental Benefits (Continued) • Reduce metal emissions by 40 tons/year, a 60% reduction • Reduce dioxin/furan emissions by 0.88 pounds/year, a 79% reduction
Projected Environmental Benefits (Continued) • Reduce polycyclic organic matter emissions by 10 tons/year, a 25% reduction • Reduce PM emissions by 3,185 tons/year, a 30% reduction
Rule Requirements • Emission standards and operating requirements • Monitoring and compliance provisions • Notifications, reports, and records
Applicability and Description of Affected Units • Secondary aluminum production operations • Affected sources Secondary Aluminum Website: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/alum2nd.html
Secondary Aluminum Production Operations • Preprocessing of scrap aluminum (size reduction, removal of oils, coatings, and other contaminants)
Furnace operations (melting, in-furnace fluxing/refining, tapping) • Additional refining (in-line fluxing) • Cooling of dross
Processing of Scrap Aluminum • Crushing, shredding, and grinding • Drying • Heating in a dryer or kiln • Heating in a sweat furnace
Crushing, Shredding, and Grinding To reduce the size of scrap aluminum Emissions: Particulate matter (PM) and HAP metals generated as dust from coatings & other contaminants
Chip Dryers To reduce the size of scrap aluminum Emissions: Particulate matter (PM) & HAP metals generated as dust from coatings and other contaminants
Applicability and Description of Affected Units • Secondary aluminum production operations • Affected sources
Secondary Aluminum Production Operations • Preprocessing of scrap aluminum (size reduction, removal of oils, coatings, and other contaminants)