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The Human Lung

The Human Lung. Energy Needs. The body consists of trillions of “engines” Each cells needs glucose and oxygen The lungs serve as the supplier of oxygen. Energy Byproducts. In the body glucose is the main source of energy

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The Human Lung

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  1. The Human Lung

  2. Energy Needs • The body consists of trillions of “engines” • Each cells needs glucose and oxygen • The lungs serve as the supplier of oxygen

  3. Energy Byproducts • In the body glucose is the main source of energy • Carbon Dioxide is the main byproduct and is released from the blood by the lungs • C02 drives the breathing rate – not oxygen

  4. Other Functions of the Lungs • Exchange of 02 and C02 • Keeps the bodies pH (acid) constant • Moistuizes the air • We can “see” our breath in the winter • Play a role in heat exchange • Voice production (power of 1mW) • Air for yawning sighing, laughing, sniffing

  5. Breathing • We breath about 6 liters of air per minute • This is about the same as the heart pumps • Men breath about 12/minute • Women breath about 18/minute • Infants breath abut 60/minute

  6. What We Breath In and Out

  7. The lungs have a large surface area The convoluted surfaces have a surface area of 80m2 This is about ½ the size of a tennis court

  8. The lungs have a greater exposure to the environment than any other part of the body – including the skin. The air we breath contains dust, smoke, bacteria, noxious gases All come in contact with the blood.

  9. The trachea divides in the right and main stem bronchus Each bronchus then divides 15 more times The terminal bronchioles supply air to millions of small sacs called alveoli

  10. At birth the lungs have 30 million At age 8 the number is about 300 million That is about 100,000/day increase They stay pretty constant after that Alveoli

  11. They act as tiny interconnected bubbles. They are 0.2 mm in diameter The walls are 0.4 micrometers thick Alveoli

  12. Each alveolus is surrounded by blood so that 02 and C02 can exchange

  13. The airways must be able to remove particles. The body does this in two ways 1. Coughing removes large particles

  14. 2. Small particles are carried upward by millions of small hairs called cilia. They vibrate about 1000/minute Mucous moves 1 – 2 cm/minute It takes 30 minutes to be cleared.

  15. This is a lung disease that occurs when cilia are unable to move Individuals have abnormal or absent ciliary motion. Kartagener's Syndrome is also called Immotile Cilia Syndrome Kartagener's Syndrome

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