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The Value of Interscholastic Sports. Introduction . Proponents of high school sport programs believe that sports contribute to the overall education of students. National Federation of State High School Associations. Mission Statement:
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Introduction • Proponents of high school sport programs believe that sports contribute to the overall education of students.
National Federation of State High School Associations • Mission Statement: • States that it serves “…students by providing leadership for the administration of education-based Interscholastic activities, which support academic achievement, good citizenship, and equitable opportunities.”
National Association of State Boards of Education • Claims the purpose of high school athletics “…is to enhance the whole school experience for all students. Academic achievement must always be considered the priority.”
Research findings about physiological benefits • Enhanced functioning and health of cardiovascular and muscular system • Improved flexibility, mobility, and coordination • Increased stamina and strength • Improved ability to maintain weight • Increased likelihood of maintaining weight
Regular athletic participation will decrease the risk of diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and other related diseases. • Non-participants are 49% more likely to use drugs and 37% more likely to become teen parents than those who spend one to four hours per week in extracurricular activities (United States Department of Education. No Child Left Behind: The facts about 21st Century Learning. Washington, DC: 2002.) • Students participating in organized sports were 25 percent less likely to be current cigarette smokers (American Journal of Health Behavior, 2004)
Participation in extracurricular activities benefits the student • Participants have higher GPAs than non-participants(2.84 to 2.68) • Participants have lower absenteeism than non-participants (4.9 days to 10.8 days) • 75% of participants were “A” or “B” students in high school • Reduced the drop out rate by 40 %. (Holloway, J. H., 2002) • The mean dropout percentage for athletes was 0.6 percent vs. 10.32 percent by non-athletes.
Participation in extra-curricular activities linked to success in school • Music students scored about 11 percent higher than non-music students on the 2001 SAT (College Entrance Examination Board). • Discipline referrals for athletes ran at a 33.3 percentage while the referral percentage for non-athletes was 41.8 percent. • Students who took part in more vigorous sports like soccer or football or skateboarding, do about 10% better in math, science, English and social studies classes (Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, August 2007).
Increased Graduation Rate • The mean graduation percentage for athletes was 99.4 percent as compared to 93.5 percent for non-athletes. • National graduation rate in 2011 – 77.7% (Iowa ranks first with 88%)
University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, Monitoring the Future, 2010.
How former high-school athletes have benefited… • 92% said participating in high school athletics made their high school experience more positive • 87% said the lessons they learned while participating have helped them as adults • 71% earned a post-secondary degree • 77% employed full-time • 95% of Fortune 500 CEOs participated in high school athletics
Athletics popular among high school students • 40% athletics • 32% school clubs • 23% music/performing arts • 14% academic clubs • 10% newspaper/yearbook • 9% student government • 55.5 percent of students enrolled in high schools participate in athletics
Summary of the Benefits of Interscholastic Sports • Students who participate in athletics tend to: • Have maximized physiological development • Be less likely to use drugs, tobacco, or suffer from health problems • Have a higher GPA • Have lower absenteeism • Have a higher graduation rate • Have a high success rate after high school
References • American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Sports Medicine and Fitness. (2001). Organized sports for children and preadolescents. Pediatrics, 107(6), 1459-1462. • American Journal of Health Behavior, 2004 • Barber, B.L., Eccles, J.S., & Stone, M.R. (2001). Whatever happened to the jock, the brain, and the princess? Young adult pathways linked to adolescent activity involvement and social identity. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16, 429-455 • Broh, B.A. (2002). Linking extracurricular programming to academic achievement: Who benefits and why? Sociology of Education, 75, 69-91 • College Entrance Examination Board
References • Holloway, J. H., 2002. Extracurricular Activities: The path to academic success? Educational Leadership, 57(4), 87-88 • Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, August 2007 • National Federation of State High School Associations. (n.d). Mission Statement. • United States Department of Education. No Child Left Behind: The facts about 21st Century Learning. Washington, DC: 2002. • University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, Monitoring the Future, 2010.