Major Ideas of the 19th century

Major Ideas of the 19th century Industrialization Nation States Ideas of the 19th century

Liberalism (19th Cen) People should be free from as much restraint as possible Protect civil liberties Laissez-faire economics Popular in new industrialized nations

Nationalism • most powerful ideology for change in the 19th Century • Loyalty to the nation not a ruler • Sometimes based on common culture • allied with liberalism

Germany Unification • Most important event in later 19th cen. • United by Prussia Kaiser Wilhelm I and Otto von Bismark (antiliberal nationalist) • Effective military- war with Austria • Franco-Prussian War 1870-71

Italy Unification • Count Cavour becomes PM of Sardinia unites with Piedmont, dies • Enter Garibaldi (Thousand Red Shirts”) • Through So Italy. Allied with prussia against Austria- Venetia, then took the Papal Sates during the Franco Prussian War

Russia 19th Cen • Defeat Napoleon- conservative • Romanov family czars • Nicholas I- Crimean War- debacle • British and French help Turks • Czar Alexander II 1855-81 tried reforms- feudalism, army, land very difficult • Little industry/education

Napoleon III of France • Nephew of Napoleon • Elected president, established an empire • Mexico- 1863-64 • Franco Prussian War 1870 captured , left France • Third republic established

Socialism • Result of the Industrialization • Social structure changed- workers experienced vast inequality of wealth • labor unions formed • reforms in government-laws to protect workers • gave rise to Communism- Karl Marx

Industrialization • Quantum Leap in production • New sources of energy- coal, steam • Factories replaced the Farm • Mass movement to cities • Began in Europe- continues elsewhere • Specifically in Great Britain • Search for raw materials

Imperialism • Spurred on by Industrialization • Need for raw materials/ markets • Spread of Colonial Rule • 1. Southeast Asia • British=Burma, Malaya,Sarawak • Dutch= East Indies • Spanish=Philippines • French= Cambodia,Laos, Vietnam

Africa Suez Canal French = N Africa British= S Africa, Rhodesia, Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya Belgian=Congo German=East Africa Portugal= Angola, Madagascar South Asia British Raj order and stability ignored self determination railroads and industry(limited) sati outlawed Leads to Nationalism in the 20th cen Imperialism 19th Cen (cont.)

Latin America Simon Bolivar liberates most Spanish areas Mexico- 1810 rev Struggle for Independence from Spain War with US French take over United States War with Mexico Civil War Spanish American War Cuba, Philippines Imperialism/Nationalism North American Style

Japan- Enters the Modern World • Had maintained separateness • Tokugawa Rule • centralized and feudal in nature • began to unravel • Contact with West • Admiral Perry 1853- began trade • Industrialization on its way • And soon Imperialism followed

Industrialization Effects • Created new wealthy middle class • Created huge working class- proletariat • Relationships between people • Relationship with nature changed • Exploitation of both

Major Ideas of the 19th century

Major Ideas of the 19th century

Presentation Transcript

19th Century Progress

19th-Century Nationalism

19th Century

The British culture of 19th century

Russia in the 19th Century

19th-Century Nationalism

19th Century Authors

19th Century England

The 19th century

Immigration during the 19th Century

19th Century Imperialism

Spain in the 19th Century

19th Century Novels

The troubled 19th century

Paris: Capital of the 19th century

SPANISH 19th CENTURY

19th Century Urbanization

19th Century Europe

19TH CENTURY NATIONALISM

19th Century Antiques

19th-Century Nationalism

SPANISH 19th CENTURY