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Association of Mental Health Librarians San Diego, California October 8, 2005. New Players in Cited Reference Searching:. PsycINFO and Google Join Thomson ISI. Stephanie Ballard, MLS, MEd Marcia Henry, MLS, MS. Brief History of Citation Indexing. 1873 legal literature by Frank Shepard
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Association of Mental Health Librarians San Diego, California October 8, 2005
New Players in Cited Reference Searching: PsycINFO and Google Join Thomson ISI
Brief History of Citation Indexing • 1873 legal literature by Frank Shepard • 1955 scientific literature Eugene Garfield • 1973 ISI Social Sciences Citation Index • 1995 CINAHL; 2001 PsycINFO • 2005 search engines: Google Scholar
Garfield’s Vision • Manage post-WWII information explosion • Measure importance of published research • “Association-of-ideas index” • Track development of scientific thought • Simply bibliographic descriptions • Subject specialists not needed • Thesaurus/jargon not needed
Thomson ISI Citation Products(Institute for Scientific Information) • Science Citation Index (SciSearch) • Social Science Citation Index (Social SciSearch) • Arts and Humanities Citation Index • Web of Science (WoS) • Web of Knowledge (WoK) • Journal Citation Reports
ISI: Current Uses • Verify references • Scholars and students follow trends in theories and review literature • Scholars track citations of their works • Personnel committees evaluate faculty • Funders select grant recipients • Attorneys challenge expert witnesses
ISI: for faculty evaluation • Technical problems, e.g. citation errors • Multiple authors • Changing/hyphenated surnames, esp among women • No distinction between positive and negative citation • Just crude data, doesn’t consider collegial interaction • Faculty submit to journals that will get them into the citation indexes From: Method or Madness? by Katherine Corby
ISI: role of Publishers/Authors • Data manipulated by publishers and editors? (Journal Citation Reports) • Publishers may require authors to add more references, esp to articles in their journals • “Courtesy references” and “citation clubs” • Politically-motivated flattery • Self-citation From: Trends in the Usage of ISI Bibliometric Data by Brian Cameron
ISI: What’s Missing? • Only indexes @8000 journals • No books and other formats • No web documents • Weak in foreign-language/int’l journals • Nisonger found it captured only 29% citations to his work From: Citation Autobiography by Nisonger
SciSearch 6100 journals 22 million records Coverage starts 1974 Social SciSearch 1700 journals 4 million records Coverage starts 1972 DIALOG ISI Quick Facts(from Blue Sheets)
CINAHL 1800 journals 1 million records 4,700,000 cited refs References added 1994 Citing refs added 2004 “times cited in this db” PsycINFO 1900 journals 2 million records References added 2001, some go back to 1988 Citing refs added 2005 “find citing references” Database Quick Facts
CITED Reference Searching(retrospective/backward linking) P A S T
CITING Reference Searching(prospective/forward linking) F U T U R E
Conclusions • Retrievals for cited refs grow quickly • ISI continues to offer unique retrievals • Google Print/Scholar find unique retrievals also: online theses, reading lists, class notes, online journals
ISI DIALOG at CSU NORTHRIDGE: First experiences with DIALOG’s custom search form
SFX in CSUN’s MetaSearch assists by often retrieving article
Advantages • Can search several databases simultaneously to find article by title or keyword • May find related articles on same topic since doing a word search • Ultimate goal is article rather than ISI’s full record
CSUN’s custom ISI on DIALOG encourages use of latest technologies : federated searching and SFX
Some URLs • CITED REFERENCE SEARCHING • http://library.csun.edu/Research_Assistance/citedreferences.html
http://library.csun.edu/Find_Resources/Databases/i-dialogISI.htmlhttp://library.csun.edu/Find_Resources/Databases/i-dialogISI.html
http://library.csun.edu/Research_Assistance/citedreferences.htmlhttp://library.csun.edu/Research_Assistance/citedreferences.html
Email from Eugene Garfield 8/8/05 Dear Marcia: Thanks for your prompt reply. I looked at your postings. In general I have always agreed that other databases should be used in addition to WOK if one wants to be absolutely comprehensive. I went to the Elsevier Website and apparently the correct initial page is indeed 299 so the source entry in WoS needs to be corrected. In general I think you have provided a valuable service and encourage you to continue and expand your samples. With best wishes. Gene Garfield