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Properties of Matter

Properties of Matter. Chapter 2. ELEMENTS Cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Can be found as solids, liquids, or gases Represented by symbols. COMPOUNDS 2 more elements chemically joined together Can be broken down through chemical means Represented by a formula.

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Properties of Matter

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  1. Properties of Matter Chapter 2

  2. ELEMENTS Cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Can be found as solids, liquids, or gases Represented by symbols COMPOUNDS 2 more elements chemically joined together Can be broken down through chemical means Represented by a formula Pure Substances

  3. Homogenous Appear the same throughout. Well-mixed Examples: Heterogeneous Can see different parts Not very well mixed Examples: Mixtures

  4. solutions • The best mixed mixture. • One substance is dissolved in another. • Cannot be separated by filtering • Particles are too small to be seen

  5. Suspensions A heterogeneous mixture that will separate over time The particles in a suspension are larger than the particles dissolved in a solution Cloudy appearance Examples: muddy water, oil & vinegar salad dressing

  6. Colloids • Intermediate sized particles. Smaller than suspension but larger than solution. • Particles are permanently suspended • Will scatter light

  7. Physical Properties • A characteristic of matter that can be directly observed without changing the identity of the substance

  8. Viscosity • The resistance of flow in a liquid • How “thick” or “thin” a liquid is • Examples of substance that have high viscosity:

  9. Conductivity • The ability to conduct heat or an electric current • High conductivity: metals • Low conductivity: wood, rubber

  10. MALLEABLE Ability to be hammered into a thin sheet. Example: DUCTILE Ability to be drawn into a thin wire. Example: Malleability vs ductility

  11. Melting and Boiling Points • Very useful in determining unknown substances.

  12. Density • The amount of mass per unit volume • D = M/V

  13. Separating Mixtures • Filtration = using a strainer or filter to separate on the basis of size of the particles.

  14. Distillation • A means of separating substances in a mixture or solution by differences in their boiling points.

  15. Chemical properties • Flammability : a materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen • Reactivity : how easily a chemical reacts with other substances. • Health : degree of danger to humans

  16. Signs of a chemical reaction • Change in color • Production of a gas • Formation of a precipitate

  17. Pages 63-64 1-10,12,15,26,27 Page 65 1-6 Assignment:

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