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Geography of the Periodic Table

Geography of the Periodic Table. Unit 4 – Periodic Table Mrs. Callender. Lesson Essential Question:. What information does the periodic table tell me?. Horizontal Row on a periodic table is called a PERIOD.

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Geography of the Periodic Table

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  1. Geography of the Periodic Table Unit 4 – Periodic Table Mrs. Callender

  2. Lesson Essential Question: What information does the periodic table tell me?

  3. Horizontal Row on a periodic table is called a PERIOD.

  4. The elements in any group of the periodic table have similar physical and chemical properties! The vertical columns of the periodic table are called GROUPS, or FAMILIES.

  5. Metals METALS • Good conductors of heat and electricity. • Malleable • Ductile • High tensile strength • Have a luster • Lose electrons becoming positive ions.

  6. Properties of both metals and • nonmetals. • More brittle than metals but less • brittle than nonmetals. • Semiconductors of electricity. • High tensile strength. • Lose and gain electrons to get to • happy eight land. Metalloids

  7. Semiconductor Anything that's computerized or uses radio waves depends on semiconductors. Today, most semiconductor chips and transistors are created with silicon. "Silicon Valley" and the "silicon economy -- silicon is the heart of any electronic device.

  8. Nonmetals • Poor conductors of heat and electricity. • Tend to be brittle. • Many are gaseous at room temperature.

  9. HYDROGEN • Hydrogen belongs to a family of its own. • Hydrogen is a diatomic, reactive gas. • Hydrogen was involved in the explosion of the Hindenburg. • Hydrogen is promising as an alternative fuel source for automobiles

  10. ALKALI METALS Very reactive metals, always combined with something else in nature (like in salt). Soft enough to cut with a butter knife S1 Electrons Reactivity increases as you move down the column.

  11. ALKALI METALS

  12. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Reactive metals that are always combined with nonmetals in nature. Several of these elements are important mineral nutrients (such as Mg and Ca

  13. ALKALINE EARTH METALS

  14. NOBLE GASES – INERT GASES Elements in group 18 VERY unreactive, monatomic gases Used in lighted “neon” signs Used in blimps to fix the Hindenburg problem. Have a full valence shell.

  15. NOBLE GASES – INERT GASES

  16. TRANSITION METALS • Elements in groups 3-12 • Less reactive harder metals • Includes metals used in jewelry and construction. • Metals used “as metal.”

  17. RARE EARTH METALS

  18. RARE EARTH METALS

  19. Halogens • Have seven valence electrons. • s2p5 • Gain 1 electron, -1 charge. • Never found pure in nature because they are too reactive. • Fluorine is the most reactive. • In their pure form they are diatomic, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

  20. Chalcogens • Have six valence electrons. • s2p4 • Gain 2 electrons, -2 charge.

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