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DNA

DNA. If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C What does each stand for? A: C: T: G:. DNA. If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C

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DNA

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  1. DNA If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C What does each stand for?A: C: T: G:

  2. DNA If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C What does each stand for?A: Adenine C: Cytosine T: Thymine G: Guanine

  3. DNA Replication If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C What would the result of replication be?

  4. DNA Replication If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C

  5. DNA Replication If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T A G T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A T C

  6. DNA Transcription • If the DNA strand is: A T T G G C G C T A A T G C C C G T T A A C C G C G A T T A C G G G C A And you make an RNA strand from the top strand, what would the RNA strand look like?

  7. DNA Translation If the mRNA strand is: U A A C C G C G A U U A C G G G C A What would the amino acid chain be?

  8. Biotechnology What is Biotechnology? Why We Use Biotechnology

  9. “What is Biotechnology?” A B

  10. “What is Biotechnology?” A B

  11. “What is Biotechnology?” • Biotechnology - techniques of modern biology that use living organisms (or part of organisms) to make or modify products, improve plants or animals, or develop microorganisms for specific uses.

  12. “What is Biotechnology?” • “…techniques of modern biology…” • Modern science! (DNA, cellular biology, etc) • “…that use living organisms (or parts of organisms…” • Corn! Cells! Bacteria! DNA! Genes!

  13. “What is Biotechnology?” • “… to make or modify products, …” • Create new items or change existing ones • “… improve plants or animals, …” • Drought-resistance, higher producing, etc.

  14. “What is Biotechnology?” • “…or develop microorganisms for specific uses.” • New bacteria which produce chemicals, hormones, etc.

  15. “What is Biotechnology?” • So where do “genetic engineering” and “GMO” fit in all this? • It’s the same thing as Biotechnology! • Equation of the Day: BioTech = GE = GM = GMO = GEO

  16. QUESTION? How long have humans been using “biotechnology?” • 10 years • 30 years • 500 years • 2,500 years

  17. Biotechnology Use • Why do we want to alter plants/ organisms? • To maximize their usefulness • What is usefulness? • Higher yields, more nutrients, easier to grow, less pesticides/herbicides needed, etc.

  18. Biotechnology Use • Do we have to alter plants and animals? • To maintain/increase food production? Most likely

  19. Biotechnology Use • Are we eating food that is Genetically Modified? • Yes • Over 70% of the food on the grocery store shelf is considered to be the product of GM crops. • QUESTION: How is this true if only a few crops are approved?

  20. Biotechnology Use • Other Food Items

  21. Wild cabbage Kohlrabi Germany, 100 AD Cauliflower 1400's Kale, 500 BC Broccoli Italy, 1500's Cabbage, 100 AD Brassica oleracia Ornamental kale Late 1900's Brussel sprouts Belgium, 1700's

  22. FRESHMEN?

  23. Biotechnology Use • Gains from Biotechnology • Increased production from common plants • “Dwarfing” • “Hybridized” corn

  24. Biotechnology Use • Gains from Biotechnology • Reducing costs for farmers/producers • Less pesticide used; means less chemicals in the environment • Example: Bt Corn

  25. Biotechnology Use • Gains from Biotechnology • Less need for tillage for weed control • Example: Round-Up Ready Corn • Downside: Increased Round-Up Use! http://www.scottsaustralia.com.au/ ROUNDUP.HTM

  26. Biotechnology Use • Gains from Biotechnology • Improve resistance as usual breeding for resistance falling behind • Example: Wheat Rust

  27. Biotechnology Use • Issues with Biotechnology • Increased herbicide use? http://www.scottsaustralia.com.au/ ROUNDUP.HTM

  28. Biotechnology Use • Issues with Biotechnology • Genes for Bt (pesticide) being found in weeds? http://www.sciencenews.org/ articles/20020817/fob2.asp

  29. Biotechnology Use • Issues with Biotechnology • Unknown risks??? • Example: Allergies, impact on native species, wipe out native plants, etc. http://www.billybear4kids.com/butterfly/ButterflyHouse/Ohio.shtml http://ucbiotech.org/resources/ECMC/ECMC%20SLIDES/Slide21.jpg

  30. Biotechnology: Check • Synthesize: Answer these three questions and turn in (2-3 ideas/sentences each): • What did you know about Biotechnology before class today? • What did you learn about Biotechnology in class today? • What do you want to know (don’t know the answer to yet) about Biotechnology?

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