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The Solar System

The Solar System. Observe our solar system. Four outer planets are called gas giants. Relative sizes and distances are not to scale!. Jupiter. Four inner planets called terrestrial planets. Saturn. Mercury. Earth. Asteroids. Uranus. Venus. Mars. Neptune. Sun. Other objects.

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The Solar System

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  1. The Solar System

  2. Observe our solar system Four outer planets are called gas giants Relative sizes and distances are not to scale! Jupiter Four inner planets called terrestrial planets Saturn Mercury Earth Asteroids Uranus Venus Mars Neptune Sun Other objects 19.00.a1

  3. Observations Using Telescopes Images of Saturn using various processing methods Images of Mars with and without a dust stormfrom the Hubble telescope that orbits Earth 19.01.a

  4. Using Radar to Study Planetary Surfaces Radio waves sent from spacecraft to surface Waves bounce away if surface smooth or slopes away from spacecraft Waves reflect back if surface is rough or faces spacecraft Radar of Venus shows bright areas (rough) and darker areas (smooth) 19.01.b

  5. Remotely Observing Temperature and Composition Measure infrared energy given off: calculate temperature of surface or mineral composition Reds show warmer areas, blues are cooler Blue crater floor inferred to be loose sediment that cooled quickly 19.01.c1

  6. Exploring the Surfaces of Other Planets and Moons Remotely exploring planets and moons using landers Geologist collecting samples on Moon Remotely exploring Mars using rovers 19.01.d

  7. Ice cap Dust Channel Bedrock Mars, the Red Planet Enough atmosphere to maintain ice caps Dust and sand cover much of surface: dust storms and dunes Evidence of flowing water in past 19.03.d Mostly basalt lava with some sedimentary rocks

  8. The Geology of Mars Valles Marineris rift Largest volcano Outflow channels 19.08.a Slope failures Dunes in crater Layered rock

  9. What Have We Learned from Landers and Rovers on Mars? Investigate composition, temperature, and takes photos Mars rovers 19.08.b Layered rocks (reflect water?) Meteorite Layered rocks Spheres of hematite

  10. What Can We Observe About a Planet or Moon? Composition Atmosphere Impacts Tectonics Volcanism Erosion and deposition 19.02.a

  11. Impacts and Craters Impact forms crater and fractures rocks Crater surround by apron of ejected pieces Object from space collides with surface, as comet did on Jupiter 19.02.b

  12. How Water and Wind Modify a Planet’s Surface Weathering and erosion Deposition and slope failures 19.02.d Wind

  13. What can the abundance of craters tell us about the age of a surface? More craters indicate surface exposed longer Smoother surfaces modified later by tectonics, volcanism, erosion, or deposition Crater abundance (density) tells us relative age of surfaces 19.02.m1

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