1 / 42

Spoken language phonetics: Vowel articulation, transcription

Spoken language phonetics: Vowel articulation, transcription. LING 200 Spring 2006. Homework #2. Due Thurs. Apr 13 at the beginning of section Ch. 6 problems (5) a-g, j (6)-(7) (9) (10) a, c, e (11)-(12). Announcements. Quiz on Ch. 6 extended to 2:30 pm today (**just this once**)

pakuna
Download Presentation

Spoken language phonetics: Vowel articulation, transcription

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Spoken language phonetics:Vowel articulation, transcription LING 200 Spring 2006

  2. Homework #2 • Due Thurs. Apr 13 at the beginning of section • Ch. 6 problems • (5) a-g, j • (6)-(7) • (9) • (10) a, c, e • (11)-(12)

  3. Announcements • Quiz on Ch. 6 extended to 2:30 pm today (**just this once**) • Quiz on Ch. 7 (minus first section, ‘The Pronunciation of Morphemes’) opens Sunday (4-9) 10 am, closes Wed (4-12) noon • Clickers should be in book store today • extra credit?

  4. A FAQ • Which phonetic symbols do we have to memorize in this class? • Answer: those used for English

  5. Manner of articulation (degree of occlusion) • How close are lower and upper articulator? • Relatively close: consonants • Relatively far apart: vowels

  6. Vowels Some dimensions of vowel systems • Height: high, mid, low • Backness: front, central, back • Labiality (lip rounding): rounded, unrounded

  7. Vowel backness x height

  8. The Human Language Evolves. “With and Without Words” • Clip on vowel systems

  9. A five vowel inventory e.g. Spanish

  10. Spanish vowels

  11. Lip rounding

  12. Phonetic description of vowels • (height – backness – rounding) • [i] = high front unrounded vowel • [e] = mid front unrounded vowel • [o] = mid back rounded vowel • [u] = high back rounded vowel • [A] = low central (-back) unrounded vowel • cf. [a] = low front unrounded vowel

  13. IPA vowel chart

  14. Another five vowel inventory Mandarin (Chinese) [y] = high front rounded vowel [] = mid back unrounded vowel

  15. Mandarin vowel quality [  ] = high falling tone

  16. Long vs. short vowels • Vowel “quality” • height: high vs. mid vs. low • backness: front vs. central vs. back • rounding: rounded vs. unrounded • Vowel “quantity”: long vs. short

  17. Danish front vowel qualities

  18. Danish vowel length contrasts

  19. English vowels • English, a Germanic language Proto-Germanic West North East Faroese Icelandic Norwegian Swedish Danish Gothic German Afrikaans Dutch Frisian English

  20. Proto-Germanic Vowels

  21. Middle English vowels < The English Language

  22. Middle English long and short vowels minus the diphthongs

  23. Modern English • Historical length > ‘tense’/ ‘lax’ contrast • Long vowels > ‘tense’ • Short vowels > ‘lax’

  24. Western North America Basic set of contrasts in stressed syllables

  25. Western North America contrasts in stressed syllables

  26. Acoustic plot of vowel quality a female speaker from southern California

  27. Further east in North America contrasts in stressed syllables

  28. Further east in North America contrasts in stressed syllables

  29. [] vs. [] A female speaker from New York City • cot vs. caught • Polly vs. Paulie • Don vs. dawn • coffee vs. cough • body vs. bawdy

  30. Acoustic plot of vowel quality a male speaker from southern New Jersey

  31. [] in Western N. America • In Western North America, [] only before [r]: • [mr] more • [mor] mower([r] = syllabic [r]) • [mAr] mar

  32. English vowels: rhotic nuclei A basic set of [Vr] combinations in North American English

  33. English vowels: rhotic nuclei A basic set of [Vr] combinations in North American English some varieties have more vowel quality distinctions before [r]: Mary [e], merry [E], marry []

  34. More on [r] • Continuation of clip from The Human Language Evolves. “With and Without Words”

  35. Diphthongs • 2 vowel qualities • [w]/[w] = []: [hwd] how’d • [j] = []: [hjd] hide • [j] = []: [tjd] toyed • For many native speakers of English, [e], [o] are diphthongs • [ej] = [eI] [hed] ([hejd]) hayed • [ow] = [oU] [hod] ([howd]) hoed

  36. Unstressed vowels • Stressed and unstressed syllables • verbs: nouns: • to [riEkt] a [ríEkt] reject • to [protEst] a [prótEst] protest to [prótEst] (‘stage a protest’)

  37. English unstressed vowels [] only occurs in unstressed syllables

  38. English unstressed vowels • [] + nasals, liquids • For many speakers, • [r] [pkr] picker • [l] = [l] [pkl] [pkl pickle • [n] = [n] [Tkn] [Tkn] thicken • [m] = [m] [rDm] [rDm] rhythm [ ] = syllabic

  39. Transcription practice • scrimmage • schism • asthma • azalea • mayonnaise

  40. Transcription practice • scrimmage [skrIm] • schism [skIzm] • asthma [zm] • azalea [zelj] • mayonnaise [mnez]

  41. More transcription practice • kook • cucumber • mortgage • grammar • language

  42. kook [kuk] • cucumber [kjukmbr] • mortgage [mrg] • grammar [græmr] • language [leNgw]

More Related