1 / 15

In between Wars

In between Wars. Weimar Germany & Rise of Hitler. Map 1920s. Weimar Republic. In November 1918, the German emperor abdicated. Germany became a republic. Parliament ( Reichstag ) and President were elected in free elections and women got a right to vote .

palila
Download Presentation

In between Wars

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. In betweenWars Weimar Germany& Riseof Hitler

  2. Map 1920s

  3. Weimar Republic • In November 1918, the German emperor abdicated. • Germany became a republic. • Parliament (Reichstag) and President were elected in free elections and women got a right to vote. • Parliament met in the city of Weimar. • Weimar Republic existed between 1919 and 1933.

  4. Weakdemocracy • German peoplewere not usedtodemocracyafterbeing an empire for suchalongtime. • Communist ”threat”:- FearofRussian revolution spreadingtoGermany.- Spartacistuprising in 1919.- CommunistleadersRosa Luxemburg och Karl Liebknechtkilled. • Extrem right’suprising in 1920. • In elections, more and morepeoplesupported extreme left and extreme right.

  5. Versailles Treaty • Government of Weimar Germany signed Treaty of Versailles. • Millions of Germans saw the government and its supporters as traitors. They had let down their country. • So-called stab-in-the-back legend. • Germany had not suffered a military defeat. Instead, Germans traitors had stabbed the brave German soldiers in the back.

  6. Reparations • Huge reparations (35 billion dollars). • Germany had trouble paying. • January 1923, French troops occupied Ruhr, all its ports, steelworks and coal mines. • Passive resistance and strike action against France. • Government met reparation payments by printing new money. • Consequence = Hyperinflation. • November 1923, currency reform.

  7. Hyperinflation • January 1920:A loaf of breadcosts 1.20 Marks. • November 1923:A loafofbreadcosts 80 billion Marks.

  8. Munich Coup • In November 1923, in the middle of the economic crisis, NSDAP attempted a coup in Munich.(Münchenputsch) • Hitler’s supporters killed or injured. • Hitler was sentenced to jail for 5 years. • He got out of jail after 1 year. • In jail, he wrote his book ”My Struggle - Mein Kampf”.

  9. Recovery • In the middle of 1920s an economic and political recovery took place. • Germany joined League of Nations (1926). • Spirit of Locarno (1926). • Germany was allowed to take part in the Olympic Games (1928).

  10. 1929 • New economic crisis after stock market crash in USA. • Many factories had to close down. • Many people lost their jobs; 6 million unemployed. • By 1932 starvation and hopelessness had spread all over Western Europe. • Many people started voting for Hitler’s NSDAP (National Socialist German Working Party). Election poster from 1932; ”Our final hope, Hitler”

  11. 1932 • A parliamentaryelectiontookplace in November 1932. • NSDAP got 33% of the votes. • Nazis became the biggest party in Reichstag. • But at the same time, SDP got 20% and Communist party 16%. • In January 1933 NSDAP and Conservative Party formed a coalitiongovernment. • Hitler became Chancellor.

  12. 1933 • Co-operation between NSDAP and Conservativesdid not workout. • Parliament dissolved and new elections arranged. • Oneweekbefore the election, parliamentbuildingwasburned down. • Communistswere given blame. • President Hindenburg’semergencylaw. • NSDAP got 44% of the votes.

  13. EmergencyLaw • Hindenburg’semergencylawremovedmany civil liberties and was a step towardsdictatorship. • Emergencylawwas never liftedwhile Hitler was in power. • Otherpartiesthan NSDAP werebanned. • Trade union leaders sent toprison or concentration camps. • In May 1933 manyJewish and Communistbookswerepubliclyburned.

  14. Hitler becomesFührer • President Hindenburg died in 1934. • Hitler appointedhimself president. • Membership in ”Deutsche Arbeitsfront” becamecompulsory. • Hitlerjugend and BundDeutscherMädel. • Secretpolice (Gestapo) wasformed. • SS (Black uniforms).- Controlled Gestapo, Hitler personal bodyguards. • SA (Brown uniforms).- Militarysectionof Nazi Party.

More Related