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Regents Review

Regents Review. Day 1 Unit 1: Scientific Method Unit 2: Biochemistry. In the Scientific Method the problem is what is being investigated, and is written as a question The hypothesis is a testable, educated guess about the answer to the problem i s a statement written in sentence form

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Regents Review

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  1. Regents Review Day 1 Unit 1: Scientific MethodUnit 2: Biochemistry

  2. In the Scientific Method the problem is what is being investigated, and is written as a question • The hypothesis is a testable, educated guess about the answer to the problem • is a statement written in sentence form • Makes a prediction • Must be able to be tested • A conclusion is determined from the data in an experiment and is stated as a complete sentence • An inference is an idea that is supported by the conclusion in an experiment

  3. An experiment must be repeated several times before results are considered valid • The independent variable is the things you change or control during the experiment • Information that you control – “I” change • Ex. Time, temperature, day • Independent data is labeled on the X-axis of the graph • The dependent variable is the numerical data obtained during the experiment • “Data” you collect • Ex. Number of heartbeats, amount of oxygen consumed • Dependent variable is labeled on Y-axis of the graph

  4. Every experiment must have a control group • The group that does not change • The experimental group is compared to the control group • Conditions in an experiment must be the same for all test subjects. • There should be only one variable (thing that is different) • Ex. Sunlight or no sunlight

  5. Data tables are used for organizing scientific data • A line graph has 2 sets of numerical data • Independent variable is known before the experiment and is written on the horizontal (side by side) • Dependent variable is what we measure in the experiment and goes on the vertical line (up and down) • Do not connect the line to (0,0), unless there is a point located there.

  6. pH paper can be used to determine the acidity or basicity of a solution • Acid 0 – 6.9, Neutral is 7, Base 7.1 – 14

  7. Energy is stored in the chemical bonds between molecules • When bonds are broken = energy is Released • When bonds are created = energy is Stored

  8. Monosaccharides are the building blocks that bond together to form a Carbohydrates. • Monosaccharides are simple sugars, like glucose • Carbohydrates are used for making energy during Cellular Respiration • 3 Fatty Acids and Glycerol are the building blocks of Lipids • Lipids store large amounts of energy • Useful for insulation and maintaining homeostasis

  9. Nucleotides are the building blocks of Nucleic Acids • Nucleic Acidsplay a role in Heredity and Genetic Material • Amino Acids are the building blocks that bond together to formProteins. • Proteins make up enzymes, hormones, cell surface receptors, skin, hair, and nails

  10. Enzymes are protein molecules that catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions. • Speed up chemical reactions by reducing activation energy • Synthesis means to build something • Digestion means to break down something

  11. The 3-dimensional shape of a molecule is important in how it bonds to other molecules • Molecules have specific shapes, and if you change that shape they do not work as well • Heat, pH, and salt concentration can change the shape of the molecules • When the shape of an enzyme changes, the enzyme will not work, it is denatured

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