Regents Review

1. Regents Review Immigration HW: Review Book Page 174-177

2. Define the following terms • Americanized – learn to act, speak and be like other “Americans” • Acculturated – learn the language and the culture of their adopted land. • Assimilated – Made similar to other Americans. • Nativism – Believing that native born Americans were superior to foreigners and the immigration should be restricted (ethnocentric).

3. Old Immigration • Where – (1607-1880) – Northern and Western Europe (Britain, Ireland, Germany). Mostly Protestants. • Why – Religious persecution. No laws on immigration. Free land out West.

4. New Immigration • Where – (1880 -1920) – Southern and Eastern Europe (Poland, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Greece and Russia). Some Asian. Many Catholics • Why – Industrialization created need for workers. “Streets were paved with gold.” • Faced discrimination from old immigrants – no English, Catholics, dressed differently etc.

5. Recent Immigration • Where – (1960 – present) – Vietnam, Cambodia, Former USSR, mostly Latin America – Cuba, Haiti, Mexico. • Why – to escape Communist persecution • To escape religious discrimination (Jews) • Escape poverty, persecution and unstable governments. • Better jobs, higher pay

6. Chinese Exclusion Act - 1882 • Anti-Chinese feelings in California against the Chinese workers. • Chinese immigration banned for ten years. Then extended another ten. Then indefinitely until after WWII.

7. Gentlemen’s Agreement - 1907 • Japanese government agreed to limit Japanese emigration to the U.S. to those who already had relatives living in America.

8. Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, 1929 • Established a quota system aimed at preserving America’s existing ethnic composition. • Great Britain, Ireland and Germany were allowed the largest number of immigrants • Limit “new immigrants” • Asians banned.

9. Immigration Act of 1965 • Designed to be less biased. • Every country identical quota of 20,000 • Preference to those with U.S. relatives or occupational skills.