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Immigration, Urbanization, and Everyday Life, 1860-1900

Immigration, Urbanization, and Everyday Life, 1860-1900. Chapter 19. Guiding Questions. 1.) How did Immigrants shape American cities? 2.) What were political bosses and why did they gain power in the post Civil War cities?

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Immigration, Urbanization, and Everyday Life, 1860-1900

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  1. Immigration, Urbanization, and Everyday Life, 1860-1900 Chapter 19

  2. Guiding Questions 1.) How did Immigrants shape American cities? 2.) What were political bosses and why did they gain power in the post Civil War cities? 3.) Why did tensions develop between civic reformers and the urban poor?

  3. Guiding Questions 4.) How did new consumer products and greater leisure time reinforce awareness of class and ethnic differences? 5.) What was “Victorian morality”, and why was it under attack by the late 19th Century? 6.) How did economic and educational transformations affect the social roles of women?

  4. Urbanization • Urbanization • Immigration • Housing (Tenements) • Sanitation • Social Classes • Americanization

  5. Urbanization • Why did Immigrants come to U.S. cities? • Old Immigrants • New Immigrants • Castle Garden (1855-1890) • Ellis Island • Angel Island • Steerage

  6. Urban Society • Ethnic Neighborhoods • Language Barriers • Irish Immigrants • Irish-American • German-American • Jewish-American Italian neighborhood, Mulberry Street, New York

  7. Urbanization • Slums • Ghettos • Discriminatory Laws • Pollution • Infant Mortality Rate Hell’s Kitchen

  8. Urbanization • Fashionable Avenues • Fifth Avenue • Commonwealth Avenue • Suburbia • New Transportation Methods

  9. Everyday Life • The Victorian Code • The American Woman’s Home • Catherine Beecher • Proper Manners • How did women respond to the Victorian Code?

  10. Everyday Life • Department Stores • Rowland Macy • The Adventure of Shopping • Higher Education • Leland Stanford

  11. Everyday Life • Political Bosses • Political Machines • Boss William Tweed • Tammany Hall • Grafts • Thomas Nast

  12. Everyday Life • Battling Poverty • Robert Hartley • New York Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor (AICP) • Charles Brace • New York Children’s Aid Society

  13. Everyday Life • The Salvation Army • “General” William Booth • Josephine Shaw Lowell’s Charity Organization Society (COS) • Accusations against the COS

  14. Everyday Life • The Social Gospel • Washington Gladden • Walter Rauschenbusch • The Federal Council of Churches Rauschenbusch

  15. Everyday Life • Settlement Houses • Jane Addams • Hull House • What types of things did the Hull House offer to those in need?

  16. Everyday Life • Saloons • Immigrant Politics • Bare-knuckle prize fighting • Baseball • The New York Knickerbockers • The National League The Cincinnati Red Stockings

  17. Everyday Life • Entertainment • Vaudeville • Amusement Parks (Coney Island) • Dance Halls • Ragtime

  18. Everyday Life • The Genteel Tradition • Eliot Norton • E.L. Godkin • The Century • The North American Review • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) Mark Twain

  19. Everyday Life • Public Education in the late 19th Century • William Torrey Harris • Mandatory Attendance Policies • How did the poor react to the new education laws? • How did the Catholic Church respond to the new education laws?

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