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Population in Countries With Low Fertility. Decline or Growth, 2005-2050 Percent. Country (average number of children per woman). Thailand (1.7). China (1.6). Armenia (1.3). Trinidad & Tobago (1.6). Italy (1.3). Russia (1.4).
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Population in Countries With Low Fertility Decline or Growth, 2005-2050 Percent Country (average number of children per woman) Thailand (1.7) China (1.6) Armenia (1.3) Trinidad & Tobago (1.6) Italy (1.3) Russia (1.4) Source: Population Reference Bureau, 2005 World Population Data Sheet.
Notes on Population in Countries With Low Fertility All countries shown here have below “replacement level” childbearing—the level required for population to ultimately stop growing or declining. Yet, half will continue to grow and half are projected to decline by 2050. This disparity is due to the effects of population momentum. In populations with a young age structure, even if fertility declines sharply, the numbers of children will continue to increase for a generation as the cohorts of young people pass through their reproductive years. Consequently, populations will continue to grow for decades even if fertility is instantly reduced to replacement level. On the other hand, some low-fertility countries are subject to negative population momentum. Their populations have aged enough to result in relatively small cohorts under age 30, and therefore even if fertility were to rise to replacement level, population size would decline for sometime.