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MOHD IZAINI BIN ZAINON NUR FADILLA BT. MUSA @JAMAN SUZIE SHAZIERA BT. MAT JUSOF

MOHD IZAINI BIN ZAINON NUR FADILLA BT. MUSA @JAMAN SUZIE SHAZIERA BT. MAT JUSOF NOR FATEHAH BT. CHE AJID. PGT 201 E. GEOGRAPHY. Global Warming. Will Human-Induced Climate Change Destroy the World?. Introduction. > Is the world getting warmer?

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MOHD IZAINI BIN ZAINON NUR FADILLA BT. MUSA @JAMAN SUZIE SHAZIERA BT. MAT JUSOF

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  1. MOHD IZAINI BIN ZAINON NUR FADILLA BT. MUSA @JAMAN SUZIE SHAZIERA BT. MAT JUSOF NOR FATEHAH BT. CHE AJID PGT 201 E GEOGRAPHY

  2. Global Warming Will Human-Induced Climate Change Destroy the World?

  3. Introduction > Is the world getting warmer? > If so, are the actions of mankind to blame for earth’s temperature increases? > What can/should be done about these issues? > Are the potential resolutions worth the cost to implement them?

  4. History of Earth’s Climate • >Earth formed ~4.6 billion years ago • >Originally very hot • >Sun’s energy output only 70% of present • >Liquid water present ~4.3 billion years ago (zircon dating) • >Much of earth’s early history erased during late heavy bombardment (~3.9 billion years ago) • >Life appeared ~3.8 billion years ago • >Photosynthesis began 3.5-2.5 billion years ago • >Produced oxygen and removed carbon dioxide and methane (greenhouse gases) • >Earth went through periods of cooling (“Snowball Earth”) and warming • >Earth began cycles of glacial and interglacial periods ~3 million years ago

  5. Sun Greenhouse Effect

  6. Nitrogen (N2) Oxygen (O2) Water (H2O) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) Earth’s Atmospheric Gases Non-Greenhouse Gases 99% Greenhouse Gases 1%

  7. Recorded Worldwide Temperatures Decreasing Flat 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 D Mean Temperature (°C) 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Year

  8. Recent Temperature Changes Recent Temperature Changes

  9. Atmospheric Temperatures Troposphere Stratosphere 0.8 1.5 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.5 0.2 Temperature Change (°C) 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -1.0 1980 1990 2000 1980 1990 2000 Year Year

  10. Consequences of Global Warming

  11. Ice Sheets Melting? • GRACE (gravity measured by satellite) found melting of Antarctica equivalent to sea level rise of 0.4 mm/year (2 in/century) • Zwally, 2005 (satellite radar altimetry) • confirmed Antarctica melting • Greenland ice melting onexterior, accumulating inland(higher precipitation)

  12. Wildlife Effects • Polar Bears • Require pack ice to live • Might eventually go extinct in the wild • Sea turtles • Breed on the same islands astheir birth • Could go extinct on some islandsas beaches are flooded • Other species may go extinct as rainfall patterns change throughout the world

  13. Effect on Humans • Fewer deaths from cold, more from heat • Decreased thermohaline circulation • Cooler temperatures in North Atlantic • CO2 fertilization effect • Precipitation changes • Droughts and famine (some areas) • Expanded arable land in Canada, Soviet Union

  14. Possible Solutions to Global Warming

  15. Mitigation of Global Warming • Conservation • Reduce energy needs • Recycling • Alternate energy sources • Nuclear • Wind • Geothermal • Hydroelectric • Solar • Fusion?

  16. Conclusions • Global warming is happening • Most warming is probably the result of human activities • There will be positive and negative (mostly) repercussions from global warming • The costs to mitigate global warming will be high – better spent elsewhere?

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