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Enterprise Computing

Chapter 12. Enterprise Computing. Overview. Discuss Requirements of Enterprises Identify Functional Units of Enterprise List Systems Used in Functional Units Describe the Virtualization Describe Cloud & Grid Computing Discuss Backup & Disaster Recovery. Enterprise. Large Organization

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Enterprise Computing

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  1. Chapter 12 Enterprise Computing

  2. Overview • Discuss Requirements of Enterprises • Identify Functional Units of Enterprise • List Systems Used in Functional Units • Describe the Virtualization • Describe Cloud & Grid Computing • Discuss Backup & Disaster Recovery

  3. Enterprise • Large Organization • Requires Special Solutions Due to Size • Enterprise Computing • Use of Computers in Networks • Encompass Variety of: • Operating Systems • Protocols • Network Architectures

  4. Enterprise Computing • Manage Large Amount of Information • Over an Extensive Geographical Area • Over Disparate Groups of People

  5. Enterprise Information • Business Intelligence • Business Process Management • Business Process Automation Focus on overall goals and objectives Applies specific programs and plans to meet stated objectives Deals with ongoing activities Access information necessary to perform job

  6. Enterprise Organization • Functional Unit • Individual Operating Entity • Can Include Departments & Divisions

  7. Accounting & Finance • Accounting • Accounts Payable • Accounts Receivable • Order Entry • Cost Accounting • Financial • Budgeting • Forecasting • Cash Management • Investment Analysis

  8. Human Resources (HR) • HRIS • Human Resources Information System • Tracking Applicants • Tracking Training • Evaluations • Payroll • Benefits

  9. Engineering • CAD (Computer-aided Design) • Produce Product Drafting / Design • CAE (Computer-aided Engineering) • Computerized Testing of Product Designs

  10. Manufacturing • CAM (Computer-aided Manufacturing) • Computerized Production Equipment • Robotics • CIM (Computer-integrated Manufacturing) • Operation of Process • Sensing State • Modifying Processes

  11. Manufacturing • MRP (Material Requirements Planning) • Cost Estimates • Inventory Control • Bill of Materials • Purchasing • MRP II • Scheduling • Tracking Production • Monitoring Product Quality

  12. Marketing • Determine • Products or Services • Interest of Customers • Strategy • Sales • Business Development

  13. Sales • SFA (Sales Force Automation) • Tools for Traveling Salespeople • Sales Forecasting Management • Sales Lead Management • Account and Contact Management • Quote & Proposal Generation • Taking Orders

  14. Distribution • SCM (Supply Chain Management) • Distribution Strategy • Delivery Scheme • Mode of Transportation • Logistics • Forecasting for Inventory Control • JIT • Track Shipping of Products • Provide Information & Analysis on Inventory

  15. Customer Service • CIM (Customer Interaction Management) • Help Desks • Customer Service Centers • Telephone Calls • E-mail • Web Interactions • Instant Messaging Sessions

  16. Information Technology • Information Architecture • Technology Strategy for Enterprise • Hardware & Software Maintenance • Build / Buy / Replace Systems • Web Site Management

  17. Information Technology • General System Types • (OIS) Office Information System • Create Documents • Send Messages • Schedule Appointments • Browse Web • Transaction Processing • Captures & Processes Data From Transactions

  18. Information Technology • General System Types • MIS (Management Information Systems) • Accurate, Timely, & Organized Information • Supervise Activities • Track Progress • Reengineering • Decision Support System • Helps Users Analyze Data & Make Decisions

  19. Information Technology • General System Types • Expert System • Captures & Stores Knowledge of Experts • Knowledge Base • Subject Knowledge & Experiences of Experts • Imitates Human Reasoning & Decision Making • Inference Rules • Logical Judgments Applied to Knowledge Base • Artificial Intelligence • Make Decisions in Real-life Situations

  20. Step 1.A user selects his or her gender Step 2.Select location on body where problem is being experienced Step 3.Select type of pain. Step 5.Review possible diagnosis. Step 4.Select other information about problem. Information Technology • General System Types • Expert System

  21. Information Technology • Integrated Information Systems • CRM (Customer Relationship Management) • Manages Information About Customers • Interactions With Customers • Past Purchases • Interests

  22. Information Technology • Integrated Information Systems • ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) • Coordinate Activities of Functional Units • Integrates • Planning & Logistics • Purchasing • Inventory • Order Tracking • Customer Service

  23. Information Technology • Integrated Information Systems • CMS (Content Management System) • Organizes & Allows Access to Documents • Seamlessly • Create • Edit • Review • Publish

  24. Technologies & Methodologies • Portal • Collection of Links, Content, & Services • Presented on Web Page • Guide Users To Information • Likely to Need for Particular Job Function • Data Warehouse • Huge Database • Analyze Historical & Current Transactions

  25. Technologies & Methodologies • Workflow • Specific Set of Steps • Complete a Business Process • VPN (Virtual Private Network) • Secure Connection to Company Network • For Mobile Users, Vendors, & Customers

  26. Technologies & Methodologies • Virtualization • Sharing or Pooling Computing Resources • Server • Create Many Virtual Servers • From One Divided Physical Server • Storage • Create a Single Storage Device • From Many Physical Storage Devices

  27. Technologies & Methodologies • Cloud Computing • Services / Storage Provided over Internet • AKA “Cloud" • Large Groups of Networked Servers • Use Low-cost Consumer PC Technology • Grid Computing • Combine Many Servers and / or PCs • Act as One Large Computer • Harness Unused Processing Cycles • Solve Problems Too Intense For Any One Machine

  28. E-Commerce • Types • Business-to-Consumer (B2C) • Sale of Goods to General Public • Business-to-Business (B2B) • Business Sells to Other Businesses • Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) • Consumer Sells Directly to Another

  29. Enterprise Hardware • RAID • Redundant Array of Independent Disks • Group of Two or More Integrated Hard Disks • More Reliable • Mirroring • Writes Data on Two Disks at Same Time • Enhances Reliability • Striping • Splits Data Across Multiple Disks • Improves Access Time

  30. Enterprise Hardware • NAS (Network Attached Storage) • Storage for Users & Systems • SAN (Storage Area Network) • Storage for Other Servers

  31. Enterprise Hardware • Enterprise Storage System • Strategy for • Availability • Protection • Organization • Backup

  32. Enterprise Hardware • Blade Server • Complete Server on Single Card • Saves Space • Less Maintenance • Uses Less Energy • Generates Less Heat • Easily Replace / Upgrade • Blade Server Chassis Holds Many Blades

  33. Enterprise Hardware • Thin Client • Small Terminal-like Computers • Rely on Server for Storage & Processing

  34. Enterprise Hardware • High Availability System • Uptime of at Least 99% • Between 1-24 hrs Downtime in 2008 • $3 Million Average Cost per Incident • Hot-swapping • Replace Component While System is Running • Redundant Components • Replaces Similar Component that Fails

  35. Enterprise Hardware • Scalability • How Well System Grows to Meet Needs • Interoperability • Ability to Share Information • With Other Systems Within Enterprise • Open System • Shares Information Easily

  36. Backup Procedures • Backup • Copy of Data & Program Files

  37. Backup Procedures • CDP (Continuous Data Protection) • Automatic Data Backup • Whenever Data Changes in an Enterprise

  38. Disaster Recovery • Restore Operations After Disaster • Emergency Plan • Steps Taken Immediately After Disaster • Backup Plan • How Backup is Used to Resume Processing • Recovery Plan • Actions to Restore Full Processing Operations • Test Plan • Simulates Disasters & Tests Ability to Recover

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