Earth Science Topic #13 Review Game

1. Earth Science Topic #13 Review Game

2. Base your answer on the cross section below shows rock layers A, B, C, D, and fault F. The rock layers have not been overturned. 200 pts! Which sequence places the rock layers and fault in order from oldest to youngest? a. D C B A F b. A B C D F c. F D C B A d. F A B C D

3. Base your answer on The diagram below represents a sample of a radioactive isotope. Which diagram best represents the percentage of this radioactive isotope sample that will remain after 2 half-lives? A B C D 350 pts!

4. Thin layers of volcanic ash act as excellent time markers in the correlation of bedrock because volcanic ash a. is easily eroded and lasts only a short time on Earth’s surface b. stays in the atmosphere for millions of years c. is deposited over millions of years d. falls to Earth over a large area in a short period of time 200 pts!

5. Base your answer on the chart below, which shows the changing climatic conditions that led to alternating glacial and interglacial periods. 400 pts! The chart represents climactic conditions that occurred mostly during which geological time period? a. Triassic Period b. Ordovician Period c. Quaternary Period d. Cretaceous Period

6. Pleistocene deposits of gravel are found lying directly on Precambrian bedrock. The interface between the gravel and the bedrock indicates a. a zone of contact metamorphism b. an area of volcanic activity that resulted in extruded gravels c. a period of continuous deposition d. a major time gap in the geologic record 150 pts!

7. Base your answer on The primitive lobe-finned fish shown below is thought to be an ancestor of early amphibians. This evolutionary development from fish to amphibian is believed to have occurred during the a. Triassic Period b. Devonian Period c. Tertiary Period d. Permian Period 200 pts!

8. Base your answer on The cross section below shows four rock units, A, B, C, and D. Which rock unit is youngest in age? a. A b. B c. C d. D 350 pts!

9. When did the intrusion of the Palisades Sill occur? a. before the Appalachian Orogeny b. during the late Triassic Period c. during the Paleozoic Era d. after the extinction of dinosaurs and ammonites 450 pts!

10. Base your answer on Base your answers to questions 26 and 27 on the diagram below, which shows specific events in the history of Earth from the beginning of the universe to the present. During which geologic era did life first appear on land? a. Middle Archean b. Paleozoic c. Middle Proterozoic d. Cenozoic 500 pts!

11. According to the fossil record, which sequence correctly represents the evolution of life on Earth? a. fish amphibians mammals soft-bodied organisms b. fish soft-bodied organisms mammals amphibians c. soft-bodied organisms amphibians fish mammals d. soft-bodied organisms fish amphibians mammals 200 pts!

12. Which rock is most likely the oldest? a. conglomerate containing the tusk of a mastodont b. shale containing trilobite fossils c. sandstone containing fossils of flowering plants d. siltstone containing dinosaur footprints 250 pts!

13. Which geologic event occurred in New York State at approximately the same time that eurypterids were becoming extinct? a. the opening of the Atlantic Ocean b. the uplift of the Appalachian Mountains c. the formation of the Catskill Delta d. the intrusion of the Palisades Sill 250 pts!

14. Base your answer on the geologic cross section below. The large cone-shaped mountain on Earth’s surface is a volcano. Letters A, B, and C represent certain rocks. 300 pts! Which statement correctly describes the relative ages of rocks A and C and gives the best supporting evidence from the cross section? a. A is younger than C, because A is a lower sedimentary rock layer. b. A is younger than C, because the intrusion of A metamorphosed part of rock layer C. c. A is older than C, because A has older index fossils. d. A is older than C, because the intrusion of A cuts across rock layer C.

15. Samples of plant pollen are preserved in sediment deposited by the last glacial ice sheet. Which radioactive isotope is best for determining the age of the samples? a. potassium-40 b. carbon-14 c. uranium-238 d. rubidium-87 150 pts!

16. Which radioactive element would be used to determine the age of late Pleistocene mastodont bones found in western Connecticut? a. carbon-14 b. potassium-40 c. uranium-238 d. rubidium-87 450 pts!

17. Base your answer on The diagrams below show the sequence of events that formed sedimentary rock layers A, B. C, and D. 300 pts! This sequence of events best illustrates the a. formation of a buried erosional surface (unconformity) b. movement of rock layers along a fault between layers B and D c. overturning of rock layers d. metamorphism of sandstone (layer B) into quartzite

18. Base your answer on The cross sections below show the surface bedrock in two different locations 20 miles apart. Rock layers are labeled 1, 2, 3, 4, and X. The rock layers have not been overturned. 500 pts! Rock layer X at location B is most likely the same relative as which rock layer at location A? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

19. Base your answer on What process most directly caused the formation of the feature shown by line AB in the geologic cross section below? 200 pts! a.  erosion b.  faulting c.  igneous intrusion d.  folding

20. Base your answer on The diagram below which represents a cross section of a portion of the Earth's crust where no overturning of the rock layers has occurred. Two rock layers are labeled A and B. Which statement describes the most likely sequence of events? a. Deposition occurred before folding or faulting. b. Faulting occurred before folding of the rock layers. c. Faulting occurred before the formation of rock layer A. d. Folding occurred before the formation of rock layer B. 150 pts!

21. The largest meteorite impact crater in North America formed approximately 1,850 million years ago, which was during the a. Middle Archean Era b. Early Proterozoic Era c. Early Jurassic Period d. Late Cretaceous Period 400 pts!

22. Base your answer on the cross section below. Rock units are labeled 1 through 8. The line between A and A' indicates an unconformity. 350 pts! Which event occurred sometime after the formation of the unconformity? a. formation of rock unit 3 b. tilting of rock unit 5 c. deposition of the sediments that formed rock unit 8 d. intrusion of rock unit 7

23. Base your answer on The cross sections below which represent three widely separated outcrops of exposed bedrock. Letters A, B, C and D represent fossils found in the rock layers. 250 pts! Which fossil appears to have the best characteristics of an index fossil? a. A b. B c. C d. D

24. Base your answer on The diagram below which shows an index fossil found in surface bedrock in some parts of New York State. In which New York State landscape region is this gastropod fossil most likely found in the surface bedrock? a. Tug Hill Plateau b. Allegheny Plateau c. Adirondack Mountains d. Newark Lowlands 200 pts!

25. Base your answer on The table which shows the fossils found in three layers of sedimentary bedrock. The relative age of the rock layers from oldest to youngest is a. A →B →C b. A →C →B c. B →A →C d. C →A →B 300 pts!

26. Unconformities (buried erosional surfaces) provide evidence that a. many life-forms have become extinct b. faults are older than the rock in which they are found c. part of the geologic record has been destroyed d. metamorphic rocks have formed from sedimentary rocks 350 pts!

27. How old is a fossil that has radioactively decayed through 4 half-lives of carbon-14? a. 5,700 years b. 17,100 years c. 22,800 years d. 28,500 years 200 pts!

28. Base your answer on The diagram below shows a process thought to have produced Earth’s early atmosphere. Which major component is shown as gas X? a. helium b. ozone c. carbon dioxide d. hydrogen 200 pts!

29. Base your answer on The diagrams below represent the rock layers and fossils found at four widely separated rock outcrops. 450 pts! Which fossil appears to be the best index fossil? a.  b.  c. d. 

30. Most of the surface bedrock found in New York State was formed during which era? a. Precambrian b. Paleozoic c. Mesozoic d. Cenozoic 250 pts!

31. Base your answer on the cross sections below, which represent two bedrock outcrops 15 kilometers apart. The rock layers have been numbered for identification and some contain the index fossil remains shown. Both organisms that formed the fossils found in rock layers 3 and 4 a. lived during the same period of geologic time b. lived in polar regions c. are members of the same group of organisms d. are still alive today 150 pts!