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Pemrograman Internet Mobile 7

Antonius Rachmat C, S.Kom, M.Cs. Pemrograman Internet Mobile 7. PHP: Hypertext Preprocessors. PHP. PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) dikembangkan oleh Rasmus Lerdorf (1994), sebagai awal pengembangan untuk HTTP usage logging dan server-side form generation pada Unix.

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Pemrograman Internet Mobile 7

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  1. Antonius Rachmat C, S.Kom, M.Cs Pemrograman Internet Mobile 7 PHP: Hypertext Preprocessors

  2. PHP • PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) dikembangkan oleh Rasmus Lerdorf (1994), sebagai awal pengembangan untuk HTTP usage logging dan server-side form generation pada Unix. • PHP 2 (1995) diubah menjadi bahasa Server-side embedded scripting. • Ditambahkan kemampuan database support, file uploads, variabel, array, rekursif, kondisi, iteration, regular expressions, dll.

  3. Sejarah PHP • PHP 3 (1998) ditambah dukungan untuk ODBC, multiple platform support, protokol email (SNMP,IMAP), dan parser baru oleh Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans . • PHP 4 (2000) menjadi komponen independen dari web server agar lebih efisien. Parser diganti nama menjadi Zend Engine. • Latest stable: 4.4.9 (www.php.net) • PHP 5 (2004) ditambahkan Zend Engine II dengan OOP, dukungan XML dengan pustaka libxml2, SOAP untuk Web Services, SQLite telah ditambahkan dalam PHP • Versi terbaru 5.2.9 (www.php.net)

  4. Sejarah PHP • Pada August 2004, PHP digunakan pada 16,946,328 domains, 1,348,793 alamat IP (http://www.php.net/usage.php) Hampir 32% dari seluruh domain web.

  5. Mengapa PHP digunakan? • Bahasa mirip C dan Java • Mudah Pemakaiannya • Kode “ditanamkan” pada HTML/WML/XHTML. • Kode php dimulai dan diakhiri dengan tanda (tag) <html>    <head>        <title>Example</title>    </head>    <body>        <?php        echo "Hi, I'm a PHP script!";        ?>    </body> </html>

  6. Why PHP? • Cross Platform • Dapat jalan hampir di semua web server pada beberapa sistem operasi • Web server: Apache, Microsoft IIS, Caudium, Netscape Enterprise Server • Sistem operasi: NIX (HP-UX,OpenBSD,Solaris,Linux), Mac OSX, Windows NT/98/2000/XP/2003 • Database: Adabas D, dBase,Empress, FilePro (read-only), Hyperwave,IBM DB2, Informix, Ingres, InterBase, FrontBase, mSQL, Direct MS-SQL, MySQL, ODBC, Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8), Ovrimos, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Solid, Sybase, Velocis,Unix dbm • Keuntungan dalam biaya • PHP is free.

  7. Dukungan PHP • GD (GIF, JPEG, PNG) • SNMP • IMAP (POP, NNTP) • FTP • XML parser • PDF generation • DCOM (Win32 only) • SWF (Flash) • zlib (compressed IO) • Charset/text conversion (UTF-8, Cyrillic, Hebrew) • SOAP • Cybercash • ASPELL/PSPELL

  8. PHP Model • Source: <html> <?php echo(“Hello World!”); ?> </html> • Menjadi: <html> Hello World! </html>

  9. Notasi PHP

  10. Tipe data • Scalar types • Boolean • Integer • Float • String • Compound types • Array • Object • Diawali dgn tanda $

  11. Konstanta <? define(“USERNAME”,”Anton”); echo “User Name :”.USERNAME; ?>

  12. Boolean • Untuk literal boolean: true atau false • Berikut dianggap bernilai false, jika • Nilai boolean FALSE • Nilai integer 0 atau float 0.0 • String yang kosong, atau string “0” • Array dengan elemen kosong • NULL (termasuk unset variabel)

  13. Contoh Integer • Nilai literal integer yang valid: • $a = 1234; • $a = -123; • $a = 0123; #octal number • $a = 0x123; #hexa number • Jika nilai literal integer melebihi range Integer, otomatis PHP akan mengkonversi ke tipe float • Konversi ke Integer: • Nilai boolean FALSE => 0, TRUE => 1 • Casting (int). Contoh: • $a = (int) (25/7); # int(3) • $a = round(25/7); # float(4)

  14. Float • Ukuran float tergantung pada platform, walaupun maksimum ~1.8e208 (64 bit format IEEE) • $a = 1.234; • $b = 1.2e4; • $c = 7E-10;

  15. String • Literal string dideklarasikan baik dengan • Petik ganda (“ “). contoh: $a = “Nama: $nama\n”; • Petik tunggal (' '). contoh: $b = 'c:\*.*'; • Heredoc. Contoh: $c = <<<EOD Ini testing EOD; • Pengaksesan karakter string • $a = “ini test”; • $pertama = $a{0}; • $ketiga = $a{2}; • $akhir = $a{strlen($a)-1};

  16. Konversi String ke Angka • Contoh: • $a = 1 + “10.5”; • $a = 1 + “-1.3e3”; • $a = 1 + “bob-1.3e3”; • $a = 1 + “bob3”; • $a = 1 + “10 ayam kate”; • $a = 1 + “10.2 ayam kate”; • $a = “10.0 ayam” + 1;

  17. Tipe Data <? $testing = 5; //integer echo gettype($testing); $testing = "five"; //string echo gettype($testing); $testing = 5.0; //double echo gettype($testing); $testing = true; //boolean echo gettype($testing); ?> <? $varumum = 3.14; $vardouble = (double)$varumum; echo gettype($vardouble); //double $varstring = (string)$varumum; echo gettype($varstring); //string ?>

  18. array

  19. Custom Array • Contoh pembuatan array dengan custom key <?php // This array is the same as ... array(5 => 43, 32, 56, "b" => 12); // ...this array array(5 => 43, 6 => 32, 7 => 56, "b" => 12); ?> • Size of array is not defined • If you add a new element the maximum of the integer indices is taken, and the new key will be that maximum value + 1

  20. Array Multidimensi

  21. Fungsi-fungsi ttg Array • Implode() -> menggabungkan array menjadi string • explode() -> memecah string menjadi array • sort() -> mengurutkan array scr asc • rsort() -> mengurutkan array scr desc • ksort() -> mengurutkan index string array scr asc • array_pop() -> menghapus array dr urutan terakhir • array_push() -> menambah array

  22. Contoh penggunaan fungsi <? //explodeimplode.php $city[0]="Jogja"; $city[1]="Bandung"; $city[3]="Surabaya"; $strgabung = implode("-",$city); echo "Stlh digabung: ".$strgabung."<br>"; $cityarray = explode("-",$strgabung); foreach ($cityarray as $key=>$value){ echo "Array ke-".$key." = ".$value."<br>"; } ?>

  23. NULL • NULL menyatakan variabel yang tidak ada nilainya • Sebuah variabel NULL, jika • Dinyatakan sebagai NULL dengan opertor = • Belum pernah diberikan suatu nilai literal • Telah di unset() • Untuk mengecek apakah variabel NULL atau tidak, dapat digunakan fungsi is_null()

  24. Konvensi PHP • Aturan nama variabel PHP mengikuti konvensi seperti bahasa pemrograman lainnya • Untuk membuat referensi ke variabel lain $a = “test”; $b = &$a; # referensi $b = “ayam”; echo ($a . ' == ' . $b); • Variabel dari variabel $a = “hello”; $$a = “world”; echo “$a ${$a}”; echo “$a $hello”;

  25. Unset dan Bracket

  26. Ruang Lingkup • Contoh berikut, variabel $a dapat diakses dari dalam file include atau require <?php $a = 1; include "b.inc"; ?> • Variabel bersifat lokal dalam suatu fungsi <?php $a = 1; /* global scope */ function Test() { echo $a; /* menunjuk ke lokal variabel */ } Test(); ?>

  27. Operator • Aritmatika • Assignment

  28. Operator Perbandingan

  29. Ternary operator <?php // Contoh Ternary Operator $action = (empty($_POST['action'])) ? 'default' : $_POST['action']; // sama dengan if/else berikut: if (empty($_POST['action'])) { $action = 'default'; } else { $action = $_POST['action']; } ?>

  30. Perbandingan <?php if ($a > $b) { echo "a is bigger than b"; } elseif ($a == $b) { echo "a is equal to b"; } else { echo "a is smaller than b"; } ?>

  31. <? $mood = "sad"; switch($mood){ case "happy": echo "Mood anda bagus !"; break; case "sad": echo "Mood anda sedang jelek..."; break; default: echo "Mood anda $mood"; } ?>

  32. Struktur While <?php $i = 1; while ($i <= 10) { echo $i++; } $i = 1; while ($i <= 10): echo $i; $i++; endwhile; ?> <?php $i = 10; do{ echo $i; }while($i>=1); ?>

  33. Struktur for

  34. Foreach (1) <?php $arr = array("one", "two", "three"); reset($arr); while (list($key, $value) = each ($arr)) { echo "Key: $key; Value: $value<br />\n"; } foreach ($arr as $key => $value) { echo "Key: $key; Value: $value<br />\n"; } ?>

  35. Foreach (2) <?php $arr = array("one", "two", "three"); reset ($arr); while (list(, $value) = each ($arr)) { echo "Value: $value<br />\n"; } foreach ($arr as $value) { echo "Value: $value<br />\n"; } ?>

  36. Switch

  37. Switch (2)

  38. Break <? $counter=1; while($counter<10){ if($counter==5){ echo "berhenti jika counter bernilai 5 <br>"; break; } echo $counter."<br>"; $counter++; } ?>

  39. Continue <? for($counter=1;$counter<=10;$counter++){ if($counter==5) continue; echo "counter bernilai: $counter<br>"; } ?>

  40. Session • session_start() //dipaling atas • session_register(<nama,nama,nama>) • session_unregister(<nama,nama,nama> • if (session_is_registered(<nama>)) • unset(<nama>) • session_destroy()

  41. File upload • If(copy(source, destination))

  42. Function (by value) • New function function my_function() { echo 'My function was called'; } function fungsi_return($a,$b){ return a + b; } • Calling function my_function(); $c = fungsi_return(1,2);

  43. Function By Reference <? //functionbyreference.php function tax(&$salary){ //definisi $salary = $salary-(($salary/100)*20); return $salary; } $salary = 2000; echo tax($salary); //hasil 1600 echo $salary; //hasil 1600 ?>

  44. Parameter default function <? function tax($salary=2000){ //definisi $salary = $salary-(($salary/100)*20); return $salary; } echo tax(); ?>

  45. Nested function

  46. Koneksi Database MySQL • mysql_connect(<host>,<username>,<password> • mysql_select_db(<nama_db>) • mysql_query(<query>) • mysql_fetch_array(<hasil_query>) • mysql_close()

  47. SERVER variable • $_SERVER is an array containing information such as • Headers • Paths • Script locations • The entries in this array are created by the webserver. There is no guarantee that every webserver will provide any of these; servers may omit some, or provide others

  48. contoh

  49. Server Variable • 'argv' • Array of arguments passed to the script. When the script is run on the command line, this gives C-style access to the command line parameters. When called via the GET method, this will contain the query string. • 'argc' • Contains the number of command line parameters passed to the script (if run on the command line).

  50. SERVER variable • 'REMOTE_ADDR' • The IP address from which the user is viewing the current page. • 'REMOTE_HOST' • The Host name from which the user is viewing the current page. The reverse dns lookup is based off the REMOTE_ADDR of the user. • 'REMOTE_PORT' • The port being used on the user's machine to communicate with the web server. • $_COOKIE • An associative array of variables passed to the current script via HTTP cookies. Automatically global in any scope. • $_POST • An associative array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP POST method.

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