9.2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis

1. 9.2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Main idea: Eukaryotic cells reproduce by mitosis, the process of nuclear division, and cytokinesis, the process of cytoplasm division

2. Mitosis • The cell’s replicated genetic material separates and the cell prepares to split • This leaves 2 genetically identical daughter cells

3. The Stages of mitosis • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

4. Prophase • The chromatin condenses into chromosomes • Each half is a sister chromatid • Each has a identical copy of DNA

5. Prophase • The nucleolus disappears • Spindle fibers form • The nuclear envelope disappears • Spindle fibers attach to each sister chromatid

6. Metaphase • The second stage of mitosis • The sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell

7. Anaphase • The spindle fibers shorten and separate the sister chromatids • The chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell

8. Telophase • The last stage of mitosis • Chromosomes arrive at opposite ends of the cell • Chromosomes decondense to form chromatin

9. Telophase • 2 Nuclear membranes form and the nucleoli reappear • The spindle fibers disassemble

10. Cytokinesis • After mitosis the cytoplasm divides • This forms 2 cells with identical nuclei • Microfilaments pinch the cytoplasm into 2 separate half's

11. Cytokinesis • In plant cells instead of pinching in half a cell plate forms between the two new nuclei

13. Prokaryotic Cells • Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission • Both copies of the DNA attach to the plasma membrane • As the membrane grows the DNA is pulled apart