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General Aviation Airport Funding Strategies. FAA Center of excellence for General Aviation Research (CGAR) Keith Bagot, Project Manager Massoud Bazargan, PI. Overview. GA airports will not be able to fund their planned development (Source: GAO Testimony, 2003)
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General Aviation Airport Funding Strategies FAA Center of excellence for General Aviation Research (CGAR) Keith Bagot, Project ManagerMassoud Bazargan, PI
Overview • GA airports will not be able to fund their planned development (Source: GAO Testimony, 2003) • How can GA airports attract funding? • Are there any innovative financing techniques available for GA airports?
Overview GA Airports Open to Public 4,508 • GA airports included in National Plan of Integrated Airport System: • 10 based aircraft • 20 miles from another NPIAS airport NPIAS GA Airports Public Ownership – 2,420 Private Ownership - 138 None-NPIAS GA Airports (Local Service Airports) 1,950
Phase I • Mailed to 2,288 GA airport managers from 8 FAA regions • 588 competed questionnaires (25.7% response rate)
Subsidized and Non-subsidized Operational Definitions Non-subsidized GA Airport - Airport with ability to generate adequate revenue to cover all normal expenses for its operation, administration, and maintenance, and for the local share of federal and/or state funded capital improvement projects (matching funds) Subsidized GA Airport - All others
Phase II • Analysis of best practices employed by managers of self-sustaining GA airports. • Specific Revenue Generators examined • Hangars • Fuel • Non-aeronautical revenues
Process for Phase II • 45 GA airport managers were interviewed. • 6 European GA airport managers were also interviewed.
Process for Phase II • Designed a new questionnaire. • Survey sent to 126 GA Airports Managers • Received usable results from 66 respondents.
New initiatives to increase revenue during the past 10 years
Views of GA Airport Managers on Outsourcing T-Hangar Operations
Deposit required for a customer to be on the T-hangar waiting list
Do you see a a strong need for corporate hangars in the area around the airport?
Hangar Construction • Becoming increasingly more expensive: • materials • labor • safety and environmental regulations at federal, state and local levels • GA airport mangers typically not comfortable with outsourcing construction of hangars.
Hangar Construction • Construction of T-hangars recently eligible for AIP (Airport Improvement Program) – lowest priority. • Few states provide support for low priority projects (FL, CA, TX).
Hangar Construction • Holland SheltAir • Full service FBO owns and operates corporate hangars and T-hangars in FL and NY.
Hangar Construction • Unique Example: • Each T-hangar : $24,000/unit • Decide to build 40 = total cost of $960,000. • FDOT provides up to 80% grant (20% matching from the airport) • Airport share: $192,000 • Developer steps in – pays Airport share in return for a 30-year ground lease. • Developer pays 7% for the FDOT share investment ($53,760)
Economic Benefit of Third-Party Construction of T-hangars • Airport receives $72,926 from the airport investment fee and ground lease. • Airport’s marketability increases due to new hangar facilities. • Airport incurs no operational or maintenance expenses. • At end of lease period, airport assumes control and collects all revenues for itself .
Economic Benefits of Self-Service Fueling System • Fuel sales reported as the second best source of revenue. • Revenue generated through fuel sales and/or Fuel Flowage Fee (FFF).
Fuel Sales at GA Airports(subsidized & non-subsidized) Majority of GA Airports handle fuel sales through one FBO
Economic Benefits of Self-Service Fueling System • Available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week • Added convenience increases marketability of airport
Availability and Operation of Self Service Fueling System Availability Operation
Level of competition for fuel sales from adjacent GA airports
Constraints to Installation of Self-Service Fueling System • Can be prohibitively expensive to purchase and install ($150,000+) • Must have sufficient GA traffic to be economically feasible (minimum of approximately 25,000 gallons sold per year) • Maintenance, operations and depreciation costs must be taken into account
Creative Land Use Development • Business Parks • Golf course • Vehicle parking • Car dealers • Rental car agencies • Campground/RV parking • Agricultural Lease
Creative Land Use Developments • Mineral rights • Field sports • Special activities and events catering to both aviation and non-aeronautical interests (car shows, auto sales, expositions)