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Radiology Packet 2

Radiology Packet 2. Normal Thorax. Tracheal Diameter. Tracheal Diameter. Tracheal Diameter. General estimation of tracheal size can be provided by comparing the diameter of the trachea to the diameter of the proximal 3 rd rib in the lateral radiographic projection.

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Radiology Packet 2

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  1. Radiology Packet 2 Normal Thorax

  2. Tracheal Diameter

  3. Tracheal Diameter

  4. Tracheal Diameter • General estimation of tracheal size can be provided by comparing the diameter of the trachea to the diameter of the proximal 3rd rib in the lateral radiographic projection. • Trachea should be ~3x the width of proximal 3rd rib. • More precise evaluation of tracheal size can be provided by comparing the ratio of the tracheal diameter to the height of the thoracic inlet. • Tracheal lumen diameter is then divided by the thoracic inlet measurement to determine the ratio.

  5. Anesthesia vs awake thoracic radiographs • anesthetized

  6. awake

  7. Anesthesia vs awake thoracic radiographs • Thoracic volume is diminished due to lack of deep inspiration. • Heart appears larger due to diminished thoracic volume. • Lungs have increased soft tissue opacity since they are less fully aerated. • On the DV view the right lung is more opaque than the left and the heart is shifted toward the right chest wall due to recumbency induced partial atelectasis. • On lateral view there is a gas dilated esophagus. This is an incidental finding due to aerophagia during induction and/or muscle relaxation. It’s appearance is identical to pathological megaesophagus.

  8. Young dog thorax • Radiographs of a 9mth old canine

  9. Young Dog thorax • In VD view there is a triangular soft-tissue opacity structure in the left hemithorax immediately cranial to the cardiac silhouette – This is the thymus. • In the lateral view there is a narrow band of increased soft-tissue opacity along the cranial border of the heart. This is the result of summation of the thymus with the heart. • The thymus is rarely visible in young cats.

  10. Dorsoventral and Ventrodorsal Positioning

  11. Dorsoventral and Ventrodorsal Positioning • There is an overall increase in opacity throughout the lung fields - this is a result of pleural effusion. • In DV view there is clear visualization of the caudal pulmonary vessels. • In VD view the caudal pulmonary vessels are not visible.

  12. Right vs left lateral thoracic radiographs

  13. Right vs left lateral thoracic radiographs

  14. Right vs left lateral thoracic radiographs • When the patient is positioned in right lateral recumbency the heart shifts toward the right and left-sided apex is highlighted. • The cardiac silhouette is somewhat ovoid in shape with a rounded point at the apex. • In left lateral the heart shifts toward the left and the apex is “rolled under” the heart and is no longer visible. • This gives the cardiac silhouette a rounded appearance.

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